Table 2 Association of cognition and psychopathology in children and adolescents with 22q11.2DS relative to typically developing controls.

From: Cognitive deficits in childhood, adolescence and adulthood in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and association with psychopathology

 

Probable ASD

ADHD

Anxiety Disorder

Main effect on measure

Interaction with developmental stage

Main effect on measure

Interaction with developmental stage

Main effect on measure

Interaction with developmental stage

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

F (df)

p

Effect size; η²

Neuro-cognitive scores

 Processing speed

0.59 (1,107)

0.443

0.01

5.45 (1,107)

0.021a

0.05

2.13 (1,107)

0.147

0.019

1.89 (1,107)

0.172

0.02

0.01 (1,109)

0.916

0

0.44 (1,109)

0.507

0

 Sustained attention

2.11 (1,98)

0.149

0.02

5.42 (1,98)

0.022

0.05

8.85 (1,98)

0.004

0.082

1.61 (1,98)

0.207

0.02

0.02 (1,100)

0.891

0

0.03 (1,100)

0.86

0

 Working memory

0.18 (1,116)

0.669

0

8 (1,116)

0.006

0.06

2.39 (1,117)

0.125

0.019

0.03 (1,117)

0.865

0

2.29 (1,119)

0.133

0.02

0.76 (1,119)

0.385

0.01

IQ test scores

 Full-scale IQ

0.53 (1,114)

0.468

0.01

0.54 (1,114)

0.463

0.01

0 (1,115)

0.954

0

2.75 (1,115)

0.1

0.02

0.55 (1,117)

0.46

0.01

0.01 (1,117)

0.905

0

 Verbal IQ

1.82 (1,114)

0.18

0.02

0.13 (1,114)

0.723

0

0.08 (1,115)

0.78

0.001

2.46 (1,115)

0.12

0.02

1.46 (1,117)

0.229

0.01

0 (1,117)

0.971

0

 Performance IQ

0 (1,116)

0.957

0

1.3 (1,116)

0.257

0.01

0.28 (1,117)

0.598

0.002

2.17 (1,117)

0.143

0.02

0.02 (1,119)

0.891

0

0.19 (1,119)

0.665

0

  1. ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
  2. aDenotes comparison that did not survive multiple comparison correction.
  3. p values that are statistically significant are shown in bold.