Table 2 Health characteristics.

From: Attenuated reward activations associated with cannabis use in anxious/depressed individuals

Feature

Psychiatric groups

 
 

Mood/Anxiety-CB

(n = 41)

Mood/Anxiety+CB(n = 41)

 
 

N

%

N

%

p

Lifetime mood/anxiety diagnoses

 Any MDD and anxiety disordersa

19

0.46

27

0.66

0.119

 Any MDD without anxiety disorders

14

0.27

11

0.27

0.631

 Any anxiety disorders without MDD

8

0.20

3

0.07

0.195

MDE frequency

 Single episode

9

0.22

7

0.17

0.781

 Recurrent episode

24

0.56

31

0.76

0.159

MDE status

 Current episode

12

0.25

21

0.51

0.072

 Partial remission

13

0.32

14

0.34

0.814

 Full remission

8

0.20

3

0.07

0.194

Hamilton depression rating scale

M = 9.9

SD = 6.2

M = 11.7

SD = 4.7

0.24

Any lifetime DSM diagnosis

 GAD

10

0.24

19

0.46

0.065

 MDD

33

0.81

38

0.83

0.195

 PTSD

10

0.24

4

0.10

0.142

 Panic disorder

7

0.17

7

0.17

1

 Social phobia

10

0.24

8

0.20

0.790

 Eating disorder

3

0.07

3

0.07

1

Lifetime substance use disorders

 Nicotine dependence

1

0.02

1

0.02

1

 Alcohol dependence

12

0.29

6

0.16

0.182

 Opioid dependence

12

0.29

1

0.02

0.002

 Amphetamine dependence

14

0.34

3

0.07

0.006

 Cocaine dependence

6

0.15

0

0

0.034

 Sedative dependence

8

0.20

1

0.02

0.034

 Hallucinogen dependence

1

0.02

0

0

0.314

Medication status

26

0.63

24

0.56

0.821

Class of medication

 SSRI

11

0.27

15

0.37

0.476

 SNRI

4

0.10

5

0.12

0.723

 Atypical antidepressant

7

0.14

8

0.20

0.775

 Benzodiazepines

2

0.05

8

0.20

0.092

 Opioids

6

0.15

1

0.02

0.114

 Other anxiolytic

12

0.29

4

0.10

0.051

 Other muscle relaxants

3

0.07

4

0.10

0.693

 Stimulants

0

0

1

0.02

0.314

 Mood stabilizers

2

0.05

1

0.02

0.983

 Atypical antipsychotics

6

0.15

0

0

0.034

 Clinical referral status

29

0.71

13

0.32

<0.01

  1. Incidence of DSM diagnoses for relevant psychiatric disorders. All diagnoses derived from the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The first three rows summate to the sample sizes for each group, and outline the quantity of participants with a lifetime mood-and-anxiety diagnosis, mood-only, or anxiety-only diagnosis. The subsequent rows outlining MDE Frequency and Status summate to the number of participants per group with any lifetime MDD diagnosis. Rows for Any Lifetime DSM or Substance Use Disorder Diagnosis are non-cumulative per group. Clinical referral signifies recruitment from a treatment facility or health care provider versus self-referral (e.g., study advertisement). P values from chi-square tests, except for Hamilton Scale comparison using a 2-sample t test.
  2. MDD major depressive disorder, MDE major depressive episode, GAD generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SNRI selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.
  3. aAnxiety disorders included any incidence of GAD, PTSD, panic disorder, or social phobia.
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