Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at baseline.

Characteristic	CBD (n = 16)	Placebo (n = 17)	Control (n = 19)	Pairwise comparison
Characteristic	CBD (n = 16)	Placebo (n = 17)	Control (n = 19)	Control vs placebo	Placebo vs CBD
Age, years; mean (SD)	22.7 (5.08)	24.1 (4.48)	23.9 (4.15)	p = 0.91^a	p = 0.42^a
Sex, N (%) male	10 (62.5)	7 (41.2)	11 (57.9)	p = 0.32^b	p = 0.22^b
Ethnicity, N (%)
White	10 (62.5)	7 (41.2)	11 (57.9)	p = 0.59^b	p = 0.43^b
Black	2 (12.5)	5 (29.4)	5 (26.3)
Asian	0 (0)	1 (5.9)	0 (0)
Mixed	4 (25)	4 (23.5)	3 (15.8)
Education, years; mean (SD)	14.4 (2.71)	12.6 (2.76)	16.9 (1.58)	p < 0.001^a	p = 0.06^a
CAARMS score, mean (SD)
Positive symptoms	40.19 (20.80)	42.94 (29.47)	NA	NA	p = 0.76^a
Negative symptoms	23.25 (16.49)	28.41 (20.49)	NA	NA	p = 0.43^a
STAI-S, mean (SD)	40.31 (9.07)	38.94 (10.18)	NA	NA	p = 0.69^a
Urine drug screen results, N (%)
Clean	10 (63)	8 (47)	0 (0)	NA^c	p = 0.45^b
THC	2 (13)	5 (29)	0 (0)
Morphine	1 (6)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Benzodiazepines	0 (0)	1 (6)	0 (0)
PCP	0 (0)	1 (6)	0 (0)
Missing	3 (19)	2 (12)	0 (0)
Current nicotine use, N (%) yes	9 (56.3)	5 (29.4)	2 (10.5)	p = 0.15^b	p = 0.12^b
Current cannabis use, N (%) yes	7 (43.8)	7 (41.2)	0 (0)^d	NA^c	p = 0.88^b
Handedness, N (%) right	14 (87.5)	17 (100)	18 (94.7)	p = 0.37^b	p = 0.16^b

CAARMS Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States, CBD cannabidiol, CHR clinical high risk for psychosis, N number of subjects, NA not applicable, PCP phencyclidine, STAI-S State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Subscale, THC Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
^aIndependent t test.
^bPearson chi-squared test.
^cControls were selected to have minimal drug use and hence were not compared with CHR participants on these parameters.
^dCannabis use <10 times lifetime (no current users).
Bold text indicates significant difference.

Quick links

Search