Table 1 Summary of the demographic and clinical data.

From: Characteristics of mental health implications and plasma metabolomics in patients recently recovered from COVID-19

Demographic

Recovered COVID-19 patients (n = 28)

Healthy controls (n = 27)

P-value

Age, years

40 ± 7.9

37.7 ± 9.0

0.32a

Sex

Female

16 (57%)

14 (52%)

0.69b

Male

12 (43%)

13 (48%)

 

BMI

24.3 ± 2.6

23.2 ± 3.2

0.14a

Education, years

15 (12–16)

15 (9–17)

0.48c

Mental health scores

PHQ-9

2.5 (0–5.25)

2 (0.5–4)

0.49c

GAD-7

1.5 (0–4)

0 (0–1.5)

<0.05c

HAMD

5 (2–9.25)

2 (1–4.5)

<0.01c

HAMA

2.5 (1–5.25)

1 (0–3)

<0.05c

PCL-C

23 (19–27.5)

18 (17–18.5)

<0.01c

PTSD-SS

29.5 (26.25–38)

24 (24–25)

<0.01c

Nervous system symptoms

Dizziness

3 (11%)

0

NA

Headache

2 (7%)

0

NA

Nerve pain

2 (7%)

0

NA

Impairment

Taste

2 (7%)

0

NA

Smell

2 (7%)

0

NA

Vision

4 (14%)

0

NA

  1. Data are mean ± SD, n (%) or median (IQR), unless otherwise specified.
  2. NA not applicable, BMI body mass index, PHQ-9 the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire, GAD-7 the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener GAD-7, PTSD-SS the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale, PCL-C the PTSD checklist-civilian version, HAMA the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HAMD the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.
  3. aIndependent sample t test.
  4. bChi-square test.
  5. cMann-Whitney U test.
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