Table 2 Studies examining alterations in the expression levels of neuroplasticity-related genes.
Citation | Sample | Methods | Gene | Main findings | Tissue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fuchsova et al. 201561 | 25 MDD suicide, 25 healthy control | RT-qPCR Western blot | GPM6A, GPM6B, CORO1A, GIT1, CAMK2A, PLP1 | Significant correlations among the expression levels of GPM6A, GPM6B, CORO1A, GIT1 and CAMK2A, but not PLP1 in the hippocampus of control subjects. Decreased GPM6A mRNA levels in the hippocampus of the depressed group as compared with controls. No significant differences were observed between the control and depressed groups for any of the members in the PFC. Decreased BDNF mRNA levels in the depressed subjects compared with controls in both the PCF and the hippocampus. Lower mRNA levels of CORO1A, GIT1 and CAMK2A in the hippocampus of suicides compared with controls. | Postmortem brain tissues |
Mossakowska-Wójcik et al. 201765 | 170 MDD patients 90 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | TCF4 | Decreased TCF4 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in patients versus healthy individuals. | Peripheral blood |
Iacob et al. 201369 | 23 females with medication refractory DD: 13 with MDD, 10 with BPD. 19 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | APP, NR3G1 | Only BPD patients showed increased APP and NR3G1 expression. | Peripheral blood leukocytes |
Bobińska et al. 201767 | 186 MRD patients 105 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | Neuropsin (NP) | Higher Human NP mRNA level in patients with depression than in the control group. | Peripheral blood |
Berent et al. 201470 | 38 MDD patients 38 healthy controls | RT-qPCR ELISA | VEGFA | Higher VEGFA mRNA and protein expression levels in MDD patients than in controls. | Peripheral blood |
Cattaneo et al. 201325 | 811 MDD patients: 296 men and 514 women 34 healthy controls: 19 males and 15 females | RT-qPCR | BDNF, p11, VGF | Lower mRNA levels of BDNF, p11 and VGF in MDD patients compared with controls. | Peripheral blood |
Bhandage et al. 201771 | 16 men 19 non-pregnant women 40 pregnant women: 25 healthy and 15 depressed | RT-qPCR | GluA1, GluA3, GluA4, GluK2, GluK4, GluK5, GluN2D, GluN1, GluN2C, GluD1, GluD2, GluN3A | Higher expression levels of GluA3 in men compared with pregnant women and in non-pregnant women compared with depressed pregnant women. Higher GluK4 expression levels in men and non-pregnant women than in pregnant women. High expression level of GluN2D in the PBMCs from the healthy pregnant women that were not observed either in depressed pregnant women, in non-pregnant women or men. The GluD1 expression level was higher in non-pregnant women as compared to men whereas the expression was more similar in men and pregnant women. | PBMC |
Bobińska et al. 201672 | 139 MDD patients 95 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2 | Decreased expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 genes on both mRNA and protein levels in depression when compared with. | Peripheral blood |
Guo et al. 201573 | 50 first episode SSD 20 MDD patients 50 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | PRCKB1 | PRCKB1 gene expression was downregulated in SSD patients, and a more dramatic downregulation in MDD patients than control. | PBMC |
Hong et al. 201549 | 50 MDD patients: 26 with treatment-resistant depression 24 with treatment-responsive depression 48 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | BDNF, MEK1 | BDNF and MEK1 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in patients with MDD when compared with healthy controls, as well as among treatment-resistant depressive patients as compared with treatment-responsive depressive patients. | Peripheral blood leukocytes |
Shibata et al. 201358 | 44 BDP patients: 32 Remission and 12 Depressed 59 MDD patients:39 Remission and 20 Depressed 28 healthy controls | RT-qPCR | HIF-1, VEGF, GLUT1, PGK1, PFKFB3, LDHA | Increased expression of HIF- 1α and HIF-1β mRNA, VEGF and PFKFB3 in both MDD and BPD patients in a depressive state compared with healthy control subjects. mRNA expression levels of GLUT1, PGK1 and LDHA were increased in MDD patients in a depressive state compared with healthy control subjects. Increased expression of HIF-1α and LDHA mRNA in MDD patients in a remissive state, whereas the mRNA expression levels of other genes in a remissive state were comparable to those in healthy control subjects. | Peripheral blood |
