Fig. 2: Postnatal environment explains aggressive tendencies in F1 males. | Translational Psychiatry

Fig. 2: Postnatal environment explains aggressive tendencies in F1 males.

From: Early life adoption shows rearing environment supersedes transgenerational effects of paternal stress on aggressive temperament in the offspring

Fig. 2

A Play behavior. In juveniles, aggressive temperament was enhanced during home cage play behavior as a result of both prenatal and postnatal PPS dam influences. Prenatal effects are depicted by letters a, b. B Cohabitation. Only the adults reared by PPS male-paired dams exhibited increased aggressive behavior towards females during cohabitation. C Resident-intruder test. Adults reared by PPS male-paired dams exhibited increased aggressive behavior towards an intruder male as evidenced through increased proportion of offensive behaviors compared to all other behaviors. D Increased aggression in males reared by PPS male-paired dams was also measured in terms of the number of offensive events. The results are the mean ± s.e.m. PPS: Peripubertally stressed rats. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.

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