Table 1 Sample characteristics.

From: Adipose tissue dysfunction, inflammation, and insulin resistance: alternative pathways to cardiac remodelling in schizophrenia. A multimodal, case–control study

Characteristic

Schizophrenia

Healthy controls

Test statistic

Sample size

26

24

 

Male sex, N (%)

18 (69%)

16 (67%)

χ2 = 0.01; df = 1; p = 0.99

White ethnicity, N (%)

11 (42%)

15 (62%)

χ2 = 1.3; df = 1; p = 0.25

Age, years, mean (SD)

39.9 (10.4)

36.9 (11.4)

t = 0.97, df = 47, p = 0.34

Number of cigarettes smoked per day, median (min; max; IQR)

5 (0; 35; 18)

0 (0; 10; 0.25)

KW χ2 = 9.1; df = 1; p = 0.003

Smokers, N (%)

15 (57.7%)

6 (25%)

χ2 = 4.2; df = 1; p = 0.04

Activity score, median (IQR)

2 (0)

3 (1)

KW χ2 = 43.8; df = 1; p = 0.05

BSA (m2), mean (SD)

2.02 (0.30)

1.95 (0.23)

t = 0.9, df = 47, p = 0.40

Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), mean (SD)

28.77 (7.19)

25.96 (5.19)

t = 1.6, df = 45, p = 0.12

Systolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)

123 (11)

122 (13)

t = 0.34, df = 47, p = 0.73

Diastolic BP (mmHg), mean (SD)

80 (9)

77 (8)

t = 1.1, df = 47, p = 0.28

Chlorpromazine equivalent dose (mg/day), median (IQR)

358.98 (221)

N/A

N/A

Duration of treatment (years), median (IQR)

12 (15)

N/A

N/A

Total PANSS score, median (IQR)

55 (29)

N/A

N/A

  1. df degrees of freedom, p p value, KW χ2 Kruskal–Wallis chi squared, t t test statistic, SD standard deviation, IQR inter-quartile range, N/A not available, BSA body surface area (calculated using Mosteller formula), BP blood pressure.
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