Table 4 Characteristics of the participants in Study 2.

From: Social buffering of human fear is shaped by gender, social concern, and the presence of real vs virtual agents

 

Real-life-alone Mean (SE)

Real-life-social Mean (SE)

VR-alone Mean (SE)

VR-social Mean (SE)

F/t-test

Cronbach’s α

ASI-3

 - Social concern

8.90 (0.76)

8.97 (0.68)

9.88 (1.06)

9.81 (0.86)

0.007 (0.93)

0.77

 - Physical concern

5.61 (0.79)

5.77 (0.68)

5.44 (0.92)

6.31 (1.03)

0.18 (0.68)

0.82

 - Cognitive concern

4.23 (0.61)

4.34 (0.68)

4.52 (0.71)

5.77 (0.90)

0.61 (0.44)

0.82

MSPSS

      

 - Family

24.03 (0.98)

23.71 (0.96)

24.48 (0.92)

24.23 (0.71)

0.001 (0.97)

0.93

 - Friends

25.13 (0.76)

25.40 (0.51)

25.04 (0.72)

26.15 (0.48)

0.44 (0.51)

0.91

 - Significant other

25.64 (0.78)

25.94 (0.59)

26.20 (0.85)

26.11 (0.58)

0.072 (0.79)

0.93

ADS

7.52 (0.83)

7.66 (0.74)

8.48 (1.03)

7.85 (0.97)

0.19 (0.66)

0.77

STAI-Trait

35.10 (1.29)

35.29 (1.53)

34.44 (1.32)

35.54 (1.62)

0.095 (0.76)

0.89

STAI-state-pre

33.57 (1.27)

34.03 (1.27)

38.52 (1.69)

37.42 (1.60)

0.29 (0.59)

0.89

STAI-state-post

40.06 (1.52)

40.66 (1.57)

42.76 (2.18)

40.35 (1.81)

0.73 (0.40)

0.92

PANAS-positive

29.47 (0.98)

28.77 (1.16)

31.20 (1.50)

33.58 (1.24)

1.58 (0.21)

0.87

PANAS-negative

11.40 (0.40)

11.54 (0.25)

13.64 (0.58)

13.38 (0.59)

0.20 (0.66)

0.70

Impression ratings

     

0.83

 - Pleasant

 

6.09 (0.23)

 

3.57 (0.23)

6.45 (<0.001)

 

 - Sympathetic

 

6.51 (0.25)

 

3.80 (0.29)

6.75 (<0.001)

 

 - Helpful

 

4.06 (0.39)

 

2.78 (0.32)

2.54 (0.013)

 

 - Make the task easier

 

3.92 (0.41)

 

2.69 (0.30)

2.48 (0.015)

 
  1. Bold values are significant at p < 0.05.
  2. ASI-3 Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, MSPSS Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, ADS Allgemeine Depressions Skala, STAI State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, PANAS Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, SE standard error.
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