Table 1 Characteristics of the whole cohort.

From: Cerebrospinal fluid catecholamines in Alzheimer’s disease patients with and without biological disease

 

Memory clinic cohort

CU

p values

All Patients

AD-MCI patients

AD dementia

 

All patients vs. CU

AD-MCI vs. AD Dementia

Patient characteristics

N = 294

N = 54

N = 240

N = 113

  

Age

70.4 (6.4)

71.3 (5.3)

70.2 (6.7)

72.3 (6.0)

0.007a

0.20a

Women

171 (58.2)

33 (61.1)

138 (57.5)

54 (47.8)

0.06b

0.63b

Education

11.9 (3.6)

12.7 (3.9)

11.7 (3.5)

14.1 (3.5)

<0.001a

0.06a

APOE ε4-positive*

190 (73.9)

34 (70.8)

156 (74.6)

42 (38.9)

<0.001b

0.59b

Cognition

 MMSE

23.1 (4.4)

26.3 (3.1)

22.4 (4.3)

29.2 (0.9)

<0.001a

<0.001

 CDT accepted

146 (52.0)

41 (80.4)

105 (45.7)

108 (95.6)

<0.001b

<0.001b

 TMT A ≥ −2 SD

171 (64.0)

43 (87.8)

128 (58.7)

106 (93.8)

<0.001b

<0.001b

 TMT B ≥ −2 SD

109 (43.3)

35 (72.9)

74 (36.3)

105 (92.9)

<0.001b

<0.001b

BPSD

 NPI-Q†

3.4 (3.8)

2.0 (2.9)

3.7 (3.9)

  

0.004a

 CSDD††

4.6 (4.1)

2.8 (3.6)

5.0 (4.1)

  

0.001a

CSF biomarkers

 Noradrenaline pmol/l

17,871.1 (8109.3)

18,986.2 (8985.8)

17,620.2 (7897.4)

14,998.9 (8062.7)

0.001a

0.37a

 Adrenaline pmol/l

12,944.3 (6120.5)

13,720.1 (6123.0)

12,769.8 (6119.1)

6225.6 (3382.5)

<0.001a

0.16a

 Dopamine pmol/l

2159.4 (898.7)

2374.7 (863.1)

2110.9 (901.2)

2515.7 (934.0)

<0.001a

0.18a

 Neurogranin pg/ml†††

247.2 (86.9)

231.0 (78.2)

250.7 (88.3)

209.5 (70.7)

<0.001a

0.22a

 Amyloid β42 pg/ml

561.2 (167.0)

604.3 (174.5)

551.5 (164.1)

705.2 (206.8)

**

0.04a

 Total tau pg/ml

704.9 (368.0)

561.2 (271.2)

737.3 (379.5)

368.7 (149.2)

**

0.001a

 Phoshorylated tau181 pg/ml

88.5 (37.3)

76.5 (30.5)

91.2 (38.1)

59.5 (20.1)

**

0.008a

  1. Bold values identify statistical significance.
  2. Data are presented as N (%) and mean (SD)
  3. MCI mild cognitive impairment, AD Alzheimer’s disease, CU cognitively unimpaired, MMSE mini mental state examination, CDT clock drawing test, TMT trail making test, NPI-Q neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire, CSDD Cornell scale of depression in dementia.
  4. a = T-test.
  5. b = Chi square.
  6. %Valid percent without missing.
  7. *Missing genotype data in n = 42, **Comparison not possible due to inter-laboratory variability.
  8. †Missing in 13 patients.
  9. ††Missing in 49 patients.
  10. †††Missing in 91 patients and one CU.
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