Fig. 1: iuGC exposure impairs motivated behavior.

A Progressive Ratio task scheme. B Total number of lever presses during PR test (nCTR = 9, niuGC = 12). C Total number of pellets received in PR test session. D Animal’s breakpoint in the PR test. E Effort-discounting task scheme. F Percentage of HR preference during early learning (day 1 and 2) and late learning (day 5 and 6) during the effort-based task; * indicates difference between iuGC and CTR in FR2 in late learning (nCTR = 10, niuGC = 10). G Area under the curve for early learning and late learning. H Percentage of HR preference when animals fulfill the criteria of the test (75% of HR preference in FR2). I Success curve representing the time that each group required to fulfill the criteria of the test. J Number of incomplete trials during early and late learning. Error bars denote SEM. *or #p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01.