Fig. 1: Learning and memory dysfunctions and mood-related disorders in susceptible mice.
A Experimental schedule of the chronic social defeat stress and behavioral tests. B The time in the novel arm was reduced for the susceptible mice (t27 = 2.204, p = 0.0363; Unpaired student’s t-test). Con control, n = 16; Sus susceptible, n = 13. C Escape latency (F (1, 27) = 0.239, p = 0.629; Two-way repeated measures ANOVA) and the time spent in the target quadrant (t27 = 2.481, p = 0.020; Unpaired student’s t-test). Con, n = 16; Sus, n = 13. D Representative animal trace of the open field test in the control and susceptible mice. E The susceptible mice spent less time in the center (t27 = 2.556, p = 0.017; Unpaired student’s t-test); However, the total distance was not different between the control and susceptible mice (t27 = 1.908, p = 0.067; Unpaired student’s t-test). Con, n = 16; Sus, n = 13. F The susceptible mice spent less time in the open arms than the control mice (t27 = 2.309, p = 0.029; Unpaired student’s t-test). The entries into the open arms did not change in the control and susceptible mice (t27 = 0.883, p = 0.385; Unpaired student’s t-test). Con, n = 16; Sus, n = 13. G Results are expressed as the immobility time in the forced swimming test after stress (t27 = 2.169, p = 0.039; Unpaired student’s t-test) and H the immobility time in the tail suspension test (t27 = 2.256, p = 0.032; Unpaired student’s t-test). Con, n = 16; Sus, n = 13. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05.
