Table 2 Associations between multimorbidity status and incident dementia in UKB.

From: Association between multimorbidity status and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 245,483 participants

Multimorbidity status

ACD

AD

VD

Participants

Events

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Participants

Events

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Participants

Events

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Counts

 0 LTC

61,629

804

Reference

—

61,629

368

Reference

—

61,629

130

Reference

—

 1 LTC

29,004

423

1.02 (0.91–1.15)

0.688

29,004

189

1.00 (0.84–1.2)

0.958

29,004

89

1.32 (1.01–1.73)

0.043

 2 LTCs

17,209

308

1.15 (1.01–1.31)

0.041

17,209

139

1.16 (0.95–1.41)

0.141

17,209

74

1.66 (1.24–2.21)

6.06E-04

 3 LTCs

9638

190

1.18 (1.01–1.39)

0.043

9638

82

1.16 (0.91–1.47)

0.242

9638

57

2.10 (1.53–2.88)

4.03E-06

 4 or more LTCs

11,730

346

1.65 (1.44–1.88)

1.35E-13

11,730

120

1.34 (1.08–1.66)

0.007

11,730

114

3.17 (2.43–4.13)

<2E-16

Patterns

 Healthy

61,629

804

Reference

—

61,629

368

Reference

—

61,629

130

Reference

—

 Multimorbidity Pattern A

21,354

335

1.14 (0.97–1.33)

0.111

21,354

132

1.15 (0.9–1.48)

0.256

21,354

86

1.54 (1.11–2.14)

0.010

 Multimorbidity Pattern B

10,873

307

1.46 (1.28–1.67)

2.97E-08

10,873

118

1.28 (1.04–1.58)

0.021

10,873

92

2.50 (1.90–3.27)

3.62E-11

 Multimorbidity Pattern C

35,354

625

1.11 (1.00–1.24)

0.044

35,354

280

1.07 (0.91–1.25)

0.427

35,354

156

1.73 (1.37–2.18)

5.03E-06

  1. HRs and 95% CIs for dementia according to multimorbidity status were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression with healthy participants as reference after adjusting for age, sex, education, BMI, physical activity, smoking, and APOE4 status.
  2. UKB UK Biobank, ACD all-cause dementia, AD Alzheimer’s disease, VD vascular dementia, LTC long-term condition, BMI body mass index, APOE4, apolipoprotein E4.
  3. Bold values indicates statistically significant p values (P < 0.05).
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