Table 1 Comparisons of characteristics between the participants with and without biomarker and CBCL data (among those who had given livebirth).

From: Maternal preconception circulating blood biomarker mixtures, child behavioural symptom scores and the potential mediating role of neonatal brain microstructure: the S-PRESTO cohort

Covariate

Category

Livebirth without biomarker and CBCL data

Livebirth with biomarker and CBCL data

P-valuea

  

N

%

Mean

SD

N

%

Mean

SD

 

Overall

 

177

   

196

    

Child sex

Girl

79

44.6%

  

89

45.4%

  

1

 

Boy

93

52.5%

  

107

54.6%

   

Maternal ethnicity

Chinese

139

78.5%

  

146

74.5%

  

0.129

 

Indian

10

5.6%

  

16

8.2%

   
 

Malay

21

11.9%

  

32

16.3%

   
 

Mixed ethnicity

7

4.0%

  

2

1.0%

   

Mother’s highest educational level

University degree or above

125

70.6%

  

143

73.0%

  

0.699

 

Polytechnic or below

52

29.4%

  

53

27.0%

   

Household incomeb

 

145

 

5.8

2.1

163

 

6.3

2.1

0.037

Maternal age at preconception visit (years)

 

177

 

30.2

3.2

196

 

30.7

3.3

0.142

Estimated number of weeks before gestation

 

166

 

21.9

17.2

185

 

15.6

15.9

4.2 × 10–4

Maternal preconception BMI (kg/m2)

 

175

 

23.2

4.5

194

 

22.8

4.0

0.402

Nulliparity

No

64

36.2%

  

76

38.8%

  

0.710

 

Yes

112

63.3%

  

120

61.2%

   

Gestational age at birth (weeks)

 

177

 

38.9

1.3

196

 

38.8

1.4

0.333

Maternal mental health score

 

123

 

54.3

14.2

136

 

52.8

13.7

0.400

  1. BMI body-mass index, CBCL Child Behaviour Checklist, SD standard deviation.
  2. aP-values for differences comparing the participants who had given livebirth with biomarker and CBCL data and those who had given livebirth but without biomarker and CBCL data were estimated from chi-squared test for categorical characteristics and from t-test for continuous characteristics.
  3. bHousehold income was categorized into levels 1–10 indicating the lowest to the highest household income group based on the SPRESTO cohort. We used the 10 levels of household income as a continuous variable in our analyses.
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