Fig. 2: Retrograde tracing images from the perifornical hypothalamic area (PFA) using Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB). | Translational Psychiatry

Fig. 2: Retrograde tracing images from the perifornical hypothalamic area (PFA) using Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB).

From: Identification of a novel perifornical-hypothalamic-area-projecting serotonergic system that inhibits innate panic and conditioned fear responses

Fig. 2

a Injection site illustrating CTB injection (Alexa 567, red) into the PFA. b Topography of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH, Alexa 488, green) immunoreactive serotonergic neurons in the midbrain raphe nuclei [i.e., median raphe (MR) nucleus and dorsal (DRD), ventral (DRV) and lateral wing (lwDR) divisions of the dorsal raphe (DR) nucleus]. c–f Images showing TPH and CTB immunostainings in the MR and divisions of the DR. Note that most PFA-projecting serotonergic neurons originate from e lwDR and f MR, but not from c DRD and d DRV. Numbers on the bottom left of photomicrographs represent the distance (in mm) from bregma. Scale bars (bottom right): 200 μm. Abbreviations: f fornix, VMH ventromedial hypothalamus.

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