Table 1 Demographic and clinical information, as well as actigraphy data between controls and MDD subjects.
From: Multimodal digital assessment of depression with actigraphy and app in Hong Kong Chinese
Controls (N = 76) | MDD (N = 80) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD), y | 50.17 (12.04) | 49.94 (11.04) | 0.76 |
Female, N (%) | 48 (63.2) | 58 (72.5) | 0.21 |
17-HDS score, mean (SD) | 1.61 (2.04) | 8.16 (5.75) | <0.001*** |
Remission, % | / | 50.0 | / |
Psychomotor retardation, N (%) | / | 3 (3.75) | / |
Psychomotor agitation, N (%) | / | 3 (3.75) | / |
HADS-D score, mean (SD) | 3.36 (2.74) | 8.04 (4.07) | <0.001*** |
HADS-A score, mean (SD) | 3.70 (2.80) | 8.13 (4.24) | <0.001*** |
rMEQ, mean (SD) | 16.11 (3.21) | 13.22 (4.43) | <0.001*** |
ISI, mean (SD) | 5.77 (5.00) | 10.45 (5.97) | <0.001*** |
Marital status, % | 0.23 | ||
Married/Cohabitating | 67.1 | 57.5 | |
Divorced/Never married/Widowed | 32.9 | 42.5 | |
Employment status, yes, % | 60.3 | 56.8 | 0.67 |
Secondary school or above, % | 94.6 | 94.6 | >0.99 |
Family income monthly <15,000 HKD, % | 14.9 | 33.3 | 0.010* |
Medication | / | ||
Antidepressants, % | / | 63.7 | |
Anxiolytics, % | / | 22.5 | |
Antipsychotics, % | / | 15.0 | |
Mood stabilizer, % | / | 1.3 | |
Physical activity | |||
Whole week | |||
Average cpm, mean (SD) | 170.22 (44.40) | 159.12 (53.68) | 0.13 |
%mobile, mean (SD) | 62.53 (5.45) | 59.59 (7.55) | 0.006** |
During active period | |||
Average cpm, mean (SD) | 240.79 (57.15) | 239.23 (79.22) | 0.64 |
%mobile, mean (SD) | 83.79 (6.86) | 83.06 (7.80) | 0.85 |
During rest period | |||
Average cpm, mean (SD) | 20.16 (8.43) | 24.65 (15.74) | 0.18 |
%mobile, mean (SD) | 17.38 (5.18) | 18.08 (8.60) | 0.86 |
Duration, mean (SD), min | 457.25 (51.73) | 478.57 (58.76) | 0.027* |
Sleep and circadian markers | |||
Sleep estimation | |||
Sleep duration, mean (SD), minutes | 376.84 (45.84) | 387.28 (60.41) | 0.26 |
Sleep efficiency, mean (SD), % | 82.51 (5.79) | 81.03 (8.89) | 0.59 |
Intra-individual variability of sleep duration, mean (SD) | 0.14 (0.082) | 0.17 (0.10) | 0.093 |
Sleep midpoint, mean (SD), Dec. hours | 3.83 (1.03) | 4.28 (1.50) | 0.047* |
Intra-individual variability of sleep midpoint, mean (SD), Dec. hours | 0.67 (0.55) | 0.68 (0.41) | 0.57 |
Circadian rhythm | |||
Cosinor analysis | |||
MESOR, mean (SD), counts | 170.87 (44.77) | 160.26 (53.88) | 0.15 |
Acrophase, mean (SD), Dec. hours | 14.92 (1.59) | 15.49 (1.62) | 0.024* |
Magnitude, mean (SD), counts | 128.97 (47.91) | 120.78 (47.08) | 0.27 |
Nonparametric analysis | |||
IS, mean (SD) | 0.56 (0.12) | 0.56 (0.13) | 0.97 |
IV, mean (SD) | 0.95 (0.24) | 0.89 (0.20) | 0.12 |
L5, mean (SD), counts | 17.01 (15.03) | 19.42 (17.46) | 0.65 |
L5 midpoint, mean (SD), Dec. hours | 3.95 (1.72) | 4.27 (2.02) | 0.14 |
M10, mean (SD), counts | 268.87 (77.50) | 252.09 (86.14) | 0.20 |
M10 midpoint, mean (SD), Dec. hours | 14.52 (2.20) | 15.03 (2.34) | 0.14 |
RA, mean (SD) | 0.88 (0.088) | 0.86 (0.099) | 0.14 |
