Table 3 Determination of changes in neurotrophic factors and oxidative stress parameters before and after Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) treatment in patients with major depressive disorder.

BDNF ng/mL

mean ± SD

3.61 ± 0.86

4.49 ± 1.18

<0.01*^a

S100B ng/L

194.76 ± 22.91

153.84 ± 20.78

<0.01*^a

ALLO pg/mL

691.94 ± 82.18

738.60 ± 83.46

<0.01*^a

TAS mmol ascorbate Eq./L

0.71 ± 0.11

0.87 ± 0.12

<0.01*^a

NT μM

279.42 ± 76.76

351.35 ± 36.87

<0.01*^a

DIS μM

79.88 ± 43.18

65.47 ± 40.71

0.115^a

GDNF pg/mL

mean (mşin-max)

249.92 (154.75–618.91)

255.36 (247.27–319.61)

<0.01*^b

TOS μmol H₂O₂ Eq./L

11.97 (6.8–18.48)

11.65 (8.81–16)

<0.01*^b

TT μM

459.17 (371.24–635.02)

473.44 (407.85–679.41)

<0.01*^b

OSI AU

14.16 (6.58–28.15)

13.25 (9.49–26.77)

<0.01*^b