Table 2 Comparisons of circadian clock genes between control and OSA groups.

Gene expression		Control group	OSA group	p value control group vs. OSA group	p value evening vs. morning control group	p value evening vs. morning OSA group
Evening	BMAL1	6.73 (2.43–16.42)	6.64 (2.52–13.08)	0.855	0.082	0.035
Morning	BMAL1	10.70 (3.50–25.69)	8.02 (3.35–18.09)	0.191	0.082	0.035
Evening	CLOCK	2.44 (1.58–6.98)	2.43 (1.20–4.44)	0.181	0.081	0.007
Morning	CLOCK	5.36 (2.49–12.47)	4.42 (2.09–10.43)	0.604	0.081	0.007
Evening	CRY1	1.60 (1.10–7.03)	2.42 (0.95–4.76)	0.875	0.003	0.003
Morning	CRY1	4.97 (1.63–12.81)	3.68 (1.80–9.03)	0.349	0.003	0.003
Evening	PER1	4.18 (1.74–13.22)	5.36 (1.19–13.69)	0.910	0.001	<0.001
Morning	PER1	20.34 (8.09–38.67)	12.75 (3.57–27.97)	0.062	0.001	<0.001
Evening	NPAS2	0.65 (0.21–1.39)	0.48 (0.15–1.29)	0.292	0.683	0.094
Morning	NPAS2	0.93 (0.25–2.08)	0.79 (0.28–2.09)	0.857	0.683	0.094
Evening	NR1D1	3.78 (1.65–10.07)	3.04 (1.32–6.24)	0.323	0.005	<0.001
Morning	NR1D1	8.02 (4.53–24.88)	7.57 (3.15–18.35)	0.469	0.005	<0.001

BMAL1 brain and muscle ARNT-like 1, CLOCK circadian locomotor output cycles kaput, CRY1 cryptochrome 1, NPAS2 neuronal PAS domain 2, NR1D1 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1, OSA obstructive sleep apnea, PER1 period 1.
Bold values in the tables mark statistically significant data.

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