Table 2 Descriptive statistics on measures of ADHD, cardiometabolic diseases and biomarkers.

From: The contribution of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder polygenic load to metabolic and cardiovascular health outcomes: a large-scale population and sibling study

ADHD, cardiometabolic diseases and biomarkers

Sample size

Prevalence (%)

ADHD

50,768

383 (0.82)

Metabolic disease

50,768

14,133 (30.38)

Type 2 diabetes

50,768

1345 (2.66)

Obesity

50,768

6685 (13.21)

Hypertension

50,768

9621 (20.53)

Cardiovascular disease

50,768

2450 (5.19)

 Thrombosis

50,768

598 (1.27)

 History of coronary artery bypass grafting

50,768

658 (1.39)

 Myocardial infarction

50,768

449 (0.95)

 Atherosclerosis

50,768

226 (0.48)

 Stroke

50,768

344 (0.73)

 Narrowing carotid arteries

50,768

115 (0.24)

 Heart failure

50,768

242 (0.51)

 Atrial fibrillation

50,768

242 (0.51)

 Heart valve disorders

50,768

492 (1.04)

 Aneurysm

50,768

130 (0.28)

Cardiometabolic biomarker

Sample size

Mean (Standard deviation)

Glucose metabolic

 Glucose (mmol/L)

43,424

4.96 (0.73)

 HbA1c (%)

43,411

5.49 (0.32)

Red blood cells

 Haematocrit (v/v)

46,985

0.42 (0.03)

 Haemoglobin (mmol/L)

46,969

8.76 (0.76)

Lipid metabolism

 Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

47,052

5.09 (1.02)

 LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

47,055

3.25 (0.93)

 HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

47,039

1.47 (0.37)

 Triglycerides (mmol/L)

46,723

1.11 (0.57)

 Apolipo A1 in serum (g/L)

5245

1.61 (0.27)

 Apolipo B100 (g/L)

5248

0.93 (0.24)

Liver function

 ALT (U/L)

23,750

22.18 (11.26)

 AST (U/L)

23,790

23.88 (6.33)

 Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L)

23,884

62.15 (16.71)

 Gamma-GT (U/L)

23,734

24.44 (14.77)

Kidney function

 Creatinine (µmol/L)

46,997

73.29 (12.14)

 Creatinine 24 h urine (mmol/L)

46,834

8.09 (3.74)

 Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)

47,088

99.85 (15.21)

 Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) 24 h

23,902

11.53 (100.87)

 Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR)

23,022

5.07 (47.02)

 Uric acid (mmol/L)

58,470

0.29 (0.07)

Thyroid

 Free T3 (pmol/L)

13,875

5.22 (0.62)

 Free T4 (pmol/L)

13,887

15.74 (2.05)

 TSH (mU/L)

13,798

2.45 (1.51)

Inflammation

 hsCRP (mg/L)

22,781

2.90 (2.90)

 Leucocytes (109/L)

46,872

5.98 (1.50)

Blood pressure

 Systolic BP

46,711

126.59 (16.56)

 Diastolic BP

46,760

74.27 (10.08)

  1. Sample size = Genotyped individuals with measured questionnaire or lab-based data. Values ± >4 SDs are excluded.
  2. BP blood pressure, hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, TSH Thyroid stimulating hormone, Free T4 free thyroxine, Free T3 free triiodothyronine, Apolipo Apolipoprotein, Gamma-GT Gamma-glutamyl transferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine transaminase, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HbA1c Haemoglobin A1c.