Fig. 8: PDE5A overexpression in mouse striatum reduced cGMP level and induced neuroinflammation.

A Left: PDE5A overexpression efficiency by RT-qPCR. Right: cGMP concentration determined by cGMP ELISA kit. n = 3 pairs of GFP-expressed striatal tissue from control and PDE5A OE mice. B Volcano plot displaying DEGs from mRNA-seq analysis based on 3 pairs of GFP-expressed striatal tissues. DEGs were set as log₂FC > =1 and <= −1, with p < 0.05. C Bubble plots illustrating gene ontology-biological process (GO-BP) enriched from upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. D Validation of mRNA level of selected upregulated DEGs using RT-qPCR. n = 3 pairs. E Representative immunofluorescent staining images of GFP, GFAP, and CD3 in the striatum of control and PDE5A OE mice. Scale bar, 100 μm. Zoom in image scale bar, 20 μm. Cell number ratio of GFP⁺/DAPI, GFAP⁺/DAPI, GFAP⁺/GFP⁺, and CD3⁺/DAPI was compared (n = 3 mice each group, 2–4 sections per mouse). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. F Quantification of the mRNA expression levels of neuroinflammatory-related factors in the striatal tissues of control and OE mice (Shapiro-Wilk test, n = 3 mice each group, **p < 0.01).