Table 1 Descriptive statistics of participants by biological aging.

From: Associations of clinical biomarker-based biological aging with suicide attempts and suicidal ideation: evidence from 124,529 UK Biobank participants

Characteristics

Overall

Biological aginga

P value

(N = 124,529)

Biologically younger

Biologically older

(N = 75,248)

(N = 49,281)

Suicidal attempt, n (%)

2718 (2.2)

1475 (2.0)

1243 (2.5)

<0.001

Suicidal ideation, n (%)

5207 (4.2)

2833 (3.8)

2374 (4.8)

<0.001

Phenotypic age accelerationb, years, mean (SD)

−0.6 (4.3)

−3.2 (2.2)

3.4 (3.6)

<0.001

Phenotypic age, years, mean (SD)

49.3 (8.9)

46.8 (7.9)

53.2 (8.8)

<0.001

Chronological age, years

55.9 (7.7)

56.0 (7.6)

55.8 (8.0)

<0.001

Age groups, n (%)

   

<0.001

 <60 years

76,294 (61.3)

46,331 (61.6)

29,963 (60.8)

 

 ≥60 years

48,235 (38.7)

28,917 (38.4)

19,318 (39.2)

 

Female, n (%)

69,528 (55.8)

46,231 (61.4)

23,297 (47.3)

<0.001

College or university degree, n (%)

57,152 (45.9)

35,669 (47.4)

21,483 (43.6)

<0.001

Being employment, n (%)

80,305 (64.5)

48,830 (64.9)

31,475 (63.9)

<0.001

White, n (%)

121,151 (97.3)

73,523 (97.7)

47,628 (96.6)

<0.001

Townsend deprivation index, median (IQR)

−2.5 (−3.8, −0.2)

−2.5 (−3.9, −0.4)

−2.3 (-3.7, 0.1)

<0.001

Current smokers, n (%)

8901 (7.1)

3758 (5.0)

5143 (10.4)

<0.001

Alcohol consumption once or more per week, n (%)

92,956 (74.6)

57,312 (76.2)

35,644 (72.3)

<0.001

BMI, mean (SD)

26.8 (4.5)

26.1 (4.0)

27.8 (5.0)

<0.001

Abnormal sleep duration, n (%)

28,150 (22.6)

16,382 (21.8)

11,768 (23.9)

<0.001

Physical inactivity, n (%)

53,942 (43.3)

31,627 (42.0)

22,315 (45.3)

<0.001

Prevalent hypertension, n (%)

27,079 (21.7)

14,528 (19.3)

12,551 (25.5)

<0.001

Prevalent diabetes, n (%)

4094 (3.3)

1329 (1.8)

2765 (5.6)

<0.001

Prevalent CHD, n (%)

4320 (3.5)

2076 (2.8)

2244 (4.6)

<0.001

Prevalent stroke, n (%)

1732 (1.4)

858 (1.1)

874 (1.8)

<0.001

Prevalent psychiatric disorders, n (%)

17,379 (14.0)

10,050 (13.4)

7329 (14.9)

<0.001

Components of phenotypic age, mean (SD)

 Albumin, g/L

45.4 (2.6)

45.8 (2.5)

44.7 (2.6)

<0.001

 Alkaline phosphatase, U/L

81.0 (23.8)

78.1 (20.6)

85.4 (27.4)

<0.001

 Creatinine, umol/L

71.7 (15.3)

68.4 (12.2)

76.8 (18.0)

<0.001

 Glucose, mmol/L

5.1 (1.1)

4.9 (0.6)

5.3 (1.5)

<0.001

 CRP, mg/dL

0.2 (0.4)

0.2 (0.2)

0.3 (0.6)

<0.001

 Lymphocyte percent, n (%)

29.1 (7.3)

30.8 (6.9)

26.6 (7.2)

<0.001

 Mean cell volume, fL

82.8 (5.1)

81.9 (4.6)

84.3 (5.5)

<0.001

 Red cell distribution width, n (%)

13.4 (0.9)

13.1 (0.6)

14.0 (1.1)

<0.001

 White blood cell count, 1000 cells/ul

6.7 (1.8)

6.2 (1.4)

7.5 (2.1)

<0.001

  1. CHD coronary heart disease, CRP C-reactive protein, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range.
  2. aBiological older and younger respectively represent Phenotypic age acceleration >0 and <0.
  3. bPhenotypic age acceleration represented the residual derived from a linear regression of Phenotypic Age on chronological age. The average Phenotypic age acceleration in the biologically younger group was −3.2 ± 2.2 years, suggesting 3.2 years younger than chronological age.
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