Fig. 4: Tyr-Gln (YQ) of both pre- (a-o) and post-supplementation (p-aa) shows antidepressive effects in chronic immobilization stress (CIS)-induced depressive mice. | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Fig. 4: Tyr-Gln (YQ) of both pre- (a-o) and post-supplementation (p-aa) shows antidepressive effects in chronic immobilization stress (CIS)-induced depressive mice.

From: Activation of glutamine synthetase (GS) as a new strategy for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other GS-related diseases

Fig. 4

a and p Experiment scheme of YQ supplementation including CIS and behavior tests and change of body weight and daily food intake during experiment (normal diet control group: CTL, normal diet stress group: STR-N, YQ diet stress group: STR-YQ, n = 5 for pre-supplementation and n = 7 for post-supplementation per group). b, c, and q, r Open field test. d–g Elevated plus maze. h Forced swimming test. i and u Corticosterone level in plasma. j and v Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) level in plasma. k and w ROS/RNS level in mPFC. l and x Activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in mPFC. m and y Relative GS expression level in mPFC. n and z Relative nitrotyrosine-GS (N-Y-GS) level in mPFC. o and aa Representative Western blot images for GS, N-Y-GS, and α-tubulin. s Tail suspension test. t Sucrose preference test. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (multiple comparisons test) vs. CTL or STR-N groups.

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