Fig. 6: OSMI-1 treatment improves the therapeutic effects of BTZ in MM.

a Bar chart shows the viability of MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and OSMI-1 for 24 h. The combination treatments were performed in MM.1S cells maintaining a constant ratio (3:1) between the dose of the OSMI-1 and BTZ. b The Combination Index (CI) was calculated using the CalcuSyn software to analyze the combined effect of OSMI-1 and BTZ. CI < 1 indicates the synergistic effects. c Images and statistical analysis show the protein levels of O-GlcNAcylation in MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and OSMI-1. d Representative images showing the immunofluorescence staining of CDC27 (red) and O-GlcNAcylation (green) in MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and OSMI-1. Scale bar = 10 μm. e Bar chart shows the viability of MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and gene knock down with siOGT. Representative images and bar charts showing the results of flow cytometry analysis of the cell cycle of MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and OSMI-1 f or siOGT g. Representative images and bar charts showing the results of flow cytometry analysis of the cell apoptosis of MM.1S cells treated with or without BTZ and OSMI-1 h or siOGT i. The data were obtained from three independent experiments. The data are presented as the means ± SD. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used in a, c, e–i. ns: not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.