Table 8 Risk of bias rating for relative gene expression [48, 49]

From: Soft tissue attachment of human gingival fibroblasts to titanium dioxide nanotubes compared to commercially pure titanium and its alloys: a systematic review

Risk of Bias Criteria

Guida et al. [43]

Liu et al. [44]

Chen and colleagues

Wang et al. [25]

Cao et al. [1]

Randomisation

Outcome not assessed

+

+

+

Allocation Concealment

Outcome not assessed

+

+

+

Identical experimental conditions

Outcome not assessed

+

NR

NR

Blinding of researchers during study

Outcome not assessed

NR

NR

NR

Incomplete outcome data

Outcome not assessed

NR

NR

NR

Exposure characterisation

Outcome not assessed

++

++

NR

Blinding of outcome assessors

Outcome not assessed

NR

NR

NR

Outcome reporting

Outcome not assessed

NR

NR

NR

Other sources of bias

Outcome not assessed