Fig. 4: CD73 blockade activates pDCs and enhances pDC-triggered T cell proliferation.

(A–D) MM patient pDCs (n = 3) were treated with anti-CD73 Ab (0.5 µg/ml) for 24 h, followed by multicolor staining. Expression of pDC activation/maturation markers CD40, CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR were assessed using flow cytometry. Fold change in treated versus untreated pDCs is shown (mean ± SD; p < 0.05; n = 3). E MM patient pDCs (n = 3) were co-cultured for 3 days with autologous T cells at 1:10 (pDC:T) ratio, in the presence or absence of anti-CD73 Ab (0.5 µg/ml). Viable CD3+ T cells were analyzed for the expression of CD69 activation marker using anti-CD3-FITC and anti-CD69-APC-Cy7 Abs, and quantified by FACS (mean ± SD; P < 0.05, n = 3). [Note: The percentage of CD3 + /CD69 + T cells denotes activated T cells in the presence of anti-CD73 Ab; three myeloma bone marrow (MM BM) samples were used].