Table 3 Summary of multivariable assessments for overall survival.

Measure	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Age at autoHCT (continuous)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	<0.001
Gender
Male	Ref
Female	0.83 (0.71–0.97)	0.020
Year of autoHCT
<2010	Ref
≥2010	1.17 (0.96–1.41)	0.12
Light chain type
Kappa	Ref
Lambda	1.20 (1.03–1.40)	0.022
Biclonal	0.53 (0.20–1.43)	0.21
Unknown	0.59 (0.14–2.39)	0.46
Cytogenetic risk
Standard	Ref
High	2.17 (1.72–2.73)	<0.001
Unknown	1.01 (0.77–1.32)	0.94
Bone marrow plasma cell burden
<50%	Ref
≥50%	1.21 (1.03–1.43)	0.020
Unknown	1.13 (0.83–1.55)	0.44
R-ISS
I	Ref
II	1.17 (0.90–1.52)	0.23
III	1.46 (0.96–2.22)	0.08
Unknown	2.35 (1.84–3.00)	<0.001
HCT-CI score
≤3	Ref
>3	1.21 (1.00–1.45)	0.047
LDH
Normal	Ref
>ULN	1.57 (1.20–2.06)	0.001
Unknown	1.10 (0.92–1.32)	0.28
Creatinine
≤2	Ref
>2	0.96 (0.73–1.25)	0.74
Unknown	0.67 (0.48–0.93)	0.017
\({{\boldsymbol{\beta }}}_{{\bf{2}}}\) microglobulin (continuous)	1.02 (1.00–1.04)	0.020
Induction regimen^a
VRD	Ref
Non-VRD	1.20 (0.96–1.52)	0.11
Prior MRD/response
Other^b	Ref
Not detected/≥VGPR	1.04 (0.72–1.48)	0.85
Maintenance^c
Yes vs. No	0.83 (0.70–0.98)	0.028
Hematologic best response^c
CR vs. non-CR	0.52 (0.44–0.61)	<0.001

autoHCT autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant, CI confidence interval, CR complete response, HCT-CI hematopoietic cell transplant comorbidity index, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, MRD minimal residual disease, Ref reference level, R-ISS Revised International Staging System, ULN upper limit normal, VGPR very good partial response, VRD bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone.
^aInduction regimens were reclassified into two categories: VRD vs. non-VRD.
^bDefined as: [patients with a response of <VGPR with any MRD status prior to transplant] OR [patients with a response of ≥VGPR and MRD positive status prior to transplant].
^cIncluded as a time-dependent variable in the model.

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