Fig. 1: Comparing Phases of Therapy in Ph-Negative BCP-ALL Treatment Regimens: CALGB 10403 (US), hyper-CVAD (US, Australia), UKALLXII/ECOG E2993 (US), GRAALL-2014 (France), PETHEMA ALL-96 (Spain), GIMEMA LAL 1913 (Italy), HOVON-100 (Netherlands, Belgium), UKALL14 (UK), JALSG 202-0 (Japan).


Gray arrow represents induction phase, orange arrow represents consolidation phase, and gold arrow represents maintenance phase. Yellow text represents CNS prophylaxis. ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia, BCP-ALL B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, CNS central nervous system, HD high dose, IT intrathecal, Ph Philadelphia chromosome.