Fig. 1
From: “The antibiotic paradox” in allogeneic stem cell transplantation
The antibiotic paradox explained by differential microbial targets: Early and prolonged antibiotic therapy affects luminal microbiota composition resulting in severe intestinal dysbiosis and an increased risk for acute GI GvHD and associated mortality (evidence by Weber et al. [15] and Peled et al. [5]). Antibiotic administration at GvHD onset suppresses bacterial translocation as important co-stimulator of T cell activation and may dampen GvHD (evidence by van Bekkum et al. [10], Schwab et al. [11]).
