Fig. 6
From: Advanced smart biomaterials and constructs for hard tissue engineering and regeneration

Smart pH-sensitive material for selective inhibition of acid-producing bacteria. a pH-sensitive, reversible spectroscopic properties and assembly behaviour of Azo-QPS-C16. The schematic shows the assembly and disassembly between Azo-QPS-C16 and its nano-sized aggregates, mediated by pH switch or addition of base/acid, for reversible control of the antibacterial activity. Acid-enhanced the antibacterial behaviours of Azo-QPS-C16, with E. coli growth curves after treatment with different concentrations of Azo-QPS-C16 at b pH 4.1 and c pH 7.9. d MBC values of Azo-QPS-C16 against E. coli and S. mutans at different pH values. (Adapted from ref. 135, with permission.)