Fig. 7
CTHRC1 and OPG contribute to the pro-osteogenic and anti-osteoclastic effects of USC-EVs. a, b Representative images of OCN immunostaining (a) with quantification of the number of OBs (b). Scale bar: 50 μm. n = 3 per group. c, d Representative images of calcein double labeling of trabecular bone (c) with quantification of MAR (d). Scale bar: 25 μm. n = 3 per group. e, f Representative TRAP staining images (e) and quantitative analysis of the number of OCs (f). Scale bar: 50 μm. n = 3 per group. g, h ARS staining of mineralized nodules of MSCs receiving different treatments (g). Scale bar: 100 μm. The percentages of ARS positively stained areas were measured (h). n = 3 per group. i, j Osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells visualized by TRAP staining (i). Scale bar: 50 μm. The numbers of TRAP+ osteoclasts per well were counted (j). n = 3 per group. The data are shown as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001
