Fig. 6

Schematic diagrams depicting the classical osteoclastogenic processes and novel osteoclast fission in which PTPs are implicated as playing a regulatory role. PTPs denoted in green or black indicate that they positively or negatively, respectively, modulate the commitment and differentiation of HSCs to myeloid cells, the fusion of OC precursors, and the adhesion, activation, and apoptosis of OCs. DUSP2 and PRL3 are reported to be highly expressed in osteomorphs, suggesting that they play a role in the fission of OCs. Their specific mechanism and function remain unclear, and they are denoted in blue