Table 3 Hydrostatic compression
Authors | Mechanical Compression | Pattern | Cell Type | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Stavenschi et al.238 | 10, 100, 300 KPa, 0.5, 1, 2 Hz, 2 h·d−1, 4 days | Cyclic | hMSCs | Increased osteogenic response (COX2, RUNX2, OPN) was magnitude- and frequency-dependent. Optimal was 300 KPa at 2 Hz (COX2 and OPN P < 0.05). Low 10 KPa increased RUNX2 at 0.5 Hz over 4 h (P < 0.05). |
Ravichandran et al.239 | 0.22%, 1 Hz, 4 h·d−1 for 4 weeks | Cyclic | hMSCs | Increased osteonectin and Col 1 on Day 7. 3.76-fold increase in ALP on Day 14 (P < 0.001). Increased matrix deposition on Day 14. |
Jagodzinski et al.99 | 10%, 0.5 Hz, 24 h, 1,2 and 3 weeks | Cyclic w/continuous perfusion | MSCs | Proliferation increased at 2 and 3 weeks in all groups (except control). OCN and RUNX2 increased in all except groups at 1, 2 and 3 weeks (P < 0.05). |
Chen et al.240 | 0.33, 0.5 and 1 MPa for 4, 6 and 8 h at 1 Hz | Cyclic | Murine MC3T3-E1 | Optimal compression was 0.5 MPa for 6 h. No effect seen at 1 MPa. Increased ALP, RUNX2, OCN and osterix (P < 0.05). Reduced ALP at 1 MPa (P < 0.01). |
Wang et al.241 | 30 KPa, 1 Hz for 2, 4 and 8 h | Cyclic | Murine MC3T3-E1 | Upregulation of RUNX2, BMP2 and OPN over all timepoints (P < 0.01). |
Nagatomi et al.242 | 10–40 KPa, 1 Hz, 1 h·d−1, 19 days | Cyclic | Osteoblasts | Increased Col 1 and Ca2+ (P < 0.05). |
Priam et al.243 | 1.67 MPa, 1 Hz, 24 h | Cyclic | Murine Osteoblasts/osteocytes | Increased MMP3, MMP13 (P < 0.001). |
Liu et al.244 | 68 KPa, 0.5 Hz, 1 and 2 h | Cyclic | MLO-Y4 osteocytes | Increased intracellular Ca2+ (P = 0.002). 4.4-fold increase in microtubule bucking points (P = 0.049). Increased COX2 at 1 h (P = 0.006). Increased OPG at 1 h. |
Sittichockechaiwut et al.245 | 5%, 1 Hz, 2 h·d−1, on Days 5, 10 and 15 | Cyclic | MLO-A5 osteocytes | Increased cell viability, 2-fold increase in collagen in all loaded groups on Days 10 and 15 (P < 0.05). 4-fold increase in calcium in loaded groups by Day 20 (P < 0.05). Col-I, OCN and OPN increased by Day 5 (P < 0.05). |
Kikuta et al.246 | 4.0 g·cm−2 (0.4 kPa) 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 & 24 h | Static, uniform compression | Human osteoclasts | Jagged1 (notch signaling), RANKL, TNFa, sRANKL, IL-6, and TRAP all increased (P < 0.05). |
