Table 2 Human skeletal stem cells labeled by immunophenotypic markers

STRO-1⁺

Perivascular

STRO-1⁺, CD146⁺, α-SMA⁺

⁸⁷

CD146⁺

Perisinusoidal, subendothelial/adventitial

Bone formation, hematopoiesis-supportive

⁷⁸

PDGFRα⁺CD51⁺

perivascular

NESTIN⁺, CD146⁺, bone formation, hematopoiesis-supportive

⁸⁸

PDPN⁺CD146⁻CD73⁺CD164⁺

Fetal growth plate; adipose stroma and iPSCs when induced with BMP2

CD45⁻, CD235a⁻, Tie2⁻, CD31⁻; bone, cartilage and stroma formation (but not adipose tissue); hematopoiesis-supportive; fracture repair

⁶⁶

PDGFRA^low/−PDPN⁺CADM1⁺

Fetal perichondrium, bone marrow

CD45⁻, CD31⁻, CD235a⁻; bone and cartilage formation; do not support hematopoiesis; identified in mouse long bones at E15.5 as well

⁹⁰