Fig. 6
Therapeutic effects of propionate with or without the presence of an anti-TNF etanercept in CIA mice. a Flowchart for experimental design in CIA mice. b Evaluation of arthritis scores for non-immunized (NI) mice or CIA mice in different treatment groups. c Representative micro-CT images of the mice in different groups. d Images of H&E and SafO-FG staining of the paw sections. e Region of paws for measurement of BS/BV by micro-CT. f Measurement of BS/BV, and quantification of synovial inflammation and bone erosion on H&E-stained sections, as well as cartilage erosion on SafO-FG-stained sections. g Immunofluorescence staining of FOXK1, STAT1, STAT2, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP3 on sections of paws of the mice in different groups. h Quantification of fluorescence intensities of FOXK1, STAT1, STAT2, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP3 on sections of paws of the mice in different groups. n = 7 for each treatment group. Graphs represented means ± SEM and statistical significance was calculated by two-way ANOVA (b) and one-way ANOVA (f and h). ns no significance, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.000 1
