Fig. 2

The diabetic microenvironment impairs osteoblast function in vitro. a, b Representative images and quantitative analyses of ALP (7 day) and ARS (21 day) staining of primary osteoblasts isolated from lone bones of CTRL and HFD&STZ mice in vitro. c Relative gene expression levels of Bglap, Runx2, Spp1 at day 7 since induction of primary osteoblast differentiation. d, e Western blot analysis of RUNX2 and COL1A1 in primary osteoblasts. f–h Representative images and quantification of ALP and ARS staining of MC3T3-E1 cells at designated culture time points. Scale bar, 200 μm. i, j Western blot analyses of ALP, RUNX2, and OPN after cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 1-day, 3-day, and 7-day. k Relative gene expression levels of Alpl, Runx2, Bglap, and Spp1 in MC3T3-E1 cells after induction of osteoblast differentiation. Data presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001