Fig. 2

Three seemingly relatively mild malocclusions in female teenage patients, but all three have retained maxillary primary canines and palatal impacted maxillary permanent canines revealed by panoramic radiography. a, b, c) In the upper case, the upper left primary canine is retained with 23 in a mesioangular position close to the midline in sector five. d, e, f) In the middle panels, the upper right primary canine is retained with 13 also mesioangular and towards the midline in sector four. g, h, i) In the lower panels, the the upper right primary canine is retained with 13 also mesioangular but in a slightly more favourable position overlying 12 in sector three; however, there is also an unerupted supernumerary tooth associated with the apex of 21. All three patients had the primary canines extracted, closed exposure of the canines and orthodontic traction to erupt the canines