Table 1 Checklist for the assessment of unerupted maxillary permanent canines3

From: The palatal displaced maxillary canine: early diagnosis and interceptive correction - a guideline for the general dental practitioner

Assessment of unerupted maxillary permanent canines in the mixed dentition

History

Family history of palatal displaced maxillary canine; agenesis or diminutive maxillary lateral incisors

Inspection

Assess the presence and appearance of the maxillary lateral incisor (absent, diminutive or peg-shaped)

Assess bulge of unerupted canine in relation to adjacent lateral incisor:

Crown of lateral incisor proclined (canine buccally positioned)

Crown of lateral incisor retroclined (canine palatally positioned)

Crowding of the upper dental arch

Palpation

Palpate the buccal sulcus and palatal vault

Assess the mobility of the retained primary maxillary canine

Assess the mobility of the adjacent lateral incisor

Radiographs

If palpation suggests the maxillary permanent canine is in an abnormal position or it cannot be palpated, then radiographs will be required to determine the position