Table 2 Descriptives of included studies
Trial | Design; setting; country† | Groups‡ | Timing criteria | UniL/BiL | Displacement criteria | Other | Patients (teeth) | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extraction III versus control | ||||||||
Baccetti, 200814 | RCTPAR; Uni; ITA | G1: ExIII G2: Ctr (G3: ExIII+HG) | 8.0-13.0 yrs; CVM<3 | UniL/BiL PDCs | OPT / PA (CR) | Cl.II/III tendency; mild ALD | 45 (51) | 18 mos |
Baccetti, 201124 | RCTPAR; Uni; ITA | G1: ExIII G2: Ctr (G3: ExIII +TPA) (G4: ExIII +TPA+HG) | 9.5-13.0 yrs; late mixed dentition; CVM 1-4 | UniL/BiL PDCs | OPT (α≥15⁰) | - | 53 (76) | Up to permanent dentition & CVM≥5; mean 30 mos |
Bazargani, 2014‡16 | RCTWP; Clin; SWE | G1: ExIII G2: Ctr | 10.0-14.0 yrs; late mixed dentition; | BiL PDCs | Palpation; PA / OPT (sectors 2-5; exceeding lateral axis) | ALD ≤3 mm | 24 (48) | 6/12/18 mos |
Naoumova, 2014coll β26 | RCTPAR; Uni; SWE | G1: ExIII G2: Ctr | 10.0-13.0 yrs | UniL/BiL PDCs | Palpation; PA (CR) | ALD ≤2 mm; no RR | 67 (89) | 6/12 mos |
Willems, 2023¥25 | RCTPAR; Uni; BEL | G1: ExIII G2: Ctr (G3: SME) | 7.7-12.0 yrs; | UniL/BiL LPDs/PDCs | OPT (α≥15⁰; sector≤1); incomplete root | ALD ≥2 mm; no RR | 31 (59) | 6/12/18 mos |
Extraction III-IV versus extraction III | ||||||||
Alessandri Bonetti, 201032 | RCTPAR; Uni; ITA | G1: ExIII G2: ExIII-IV | 9.0-12.6 yrs | UniL/BiL CDCs/PDCs | Palpation or lateral malposition or OPT (α≥25⁰) or OPT (sector>1) | - | 59 (108) | 18 mos |
Alessandri Bonetti, 201131 | RCTPAR; Uni; ITA | G1: ExIII G2: ExIII-IV | 8.0-13.0 yrs; CVM<3 | UniL/BiL CDCs/PDCs | Palpation or lateral malposition or OPT (α≥25⁰) or OPT (sector>1) | - | 37 (65) | 18 mos |
Hadler-Olsen, 2020coll30 | RCTPAR; Clin; NOR | G1: ExIII G2: ExIII-IV | 9.5-13.5 yrs; | UniL/BiL PDCs | PA (CL); OPT (sector III-IV) or OPT (sector II & α≥25⁰) | - | 32 (48) | Until eruption |
† = Countries given using the ISO-3 coding ‡ = Groups in Italic are given experimental groups of the original studies that were disregarded in this analysis ALD = arch length; discrepancyBiL = bilateral; CDC = centrally displaced canine; Cl = Angle's classification; Clin = clinic; coll = collated multiple publications; CR = Clark's rule; Ctr = control group (no treatment); CVM = cervical vertebrae maturation method; ExIII = extraction of the primary canine; ExIII-IV = extraction of the primary canine and the primary first molar; G = group; HG = headgear; LDC = labially displaced canine; mos = months; OPT = orthopantomogram; PA = periapical radiograph; PAR = parallel design; PDC = palatally displaced canine; RCT = randomised clinical trial; RR = root resorption; SME = slow maxillary expansion; TPA = transpalatal arch; Uni = university clinic; UniL = unilateral; WP = within-persons (clustered) design; yr = year. | ||||||||
