Table 1 Cox proportional hazards univariate analyses of survival by clinical and pathological risk factors, DPD tumour expression (low, score = 0–1; high, score = 2–3), and hENT1 tumour expression (high vs. low defined by median H-score)
From: Expression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and hENT1 predicts survival in pancreatic cancer
Univariate analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | ||||
Chemotherapy | Total | |||
Characteristic | 5-fluorouracil /folinic acid | Gemcitabine | ||
Resection margin | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
Negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Positive | 2.13 (1.41–3.12) | 1.12 (0.76–1.66) | 1.52 (1.15–2.01) | |
Wald χ2 = 12.85, p < 0.001 | Wald χ2 = 0.34 p = 0.558 | Wald χ2 = 8.75, p = 0.003 | ||
WHO | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1 | 1.62 (1.07–2.47) | 1.46 (0.95–2.24) | 1.54 (1.14–2.08) | |
2 | 0.97 (0.43–2.21) | 1.22 (0.63–2.37) | 1.09 (0.64–1.85) | |
Wald χ2 = 5.79, p = 0.055 | Wald χ2 = 3.01, p = 0.222 | Wald χ2 = 8.55, p = 0.014 | ||
Lymph node status | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
Negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Positive | 3.15 (1.76–5.62) | 1.61 (0.95–2.74) | 2.24 (1.50–3.33) | |
Wald χ2 = 15.03, p < 0.001 | Wald χ2 = 3.08, p = 0.079 | Wald χ2 = 15.82, p < 0.001 | ||
Tumour stage | n = 114 | n = 122 | n = 236 | |
1/2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
3/4 | 1.92 (1.19–3.11) | 1.47 (0.97–2.23) | 1.67 (1.22–2.28) | |
Wald χ2 = 7.16, p = 0.008 | Wald χ2 = 3.34, p = 0.068 | Wald χ2 = 10.13, p = 0.002 | ||
Tumour grade | n = 112 | n = 120 | n = 232 | |
Well | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Moderate | 0.58 (0.36–0.94) | 0.95 (0.42–2.12) | 0.77 (0.47–1.28) | |
Poor | 0.75 (0.39–1.43) | 1.25 (0.53–2.94) | 1.02 (0.58–1.80) | |
Wald χ2 = 5.17, p = 0.075 | Wald χ2 = 1.56, p = 0.460 | Wald χ2 = 3.15 p = 0.207 | ||
Local invasion | n = 115 | n = 122 | n = 237 | |
No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Yes | 1.30 (0.86–1.97) | 1.24 (0.85–1.81) | 1.27 (0.96–1.68) | |
Wald χ2 = 1.56, p = 0.211 | Wald χ2 = 1.20, p = 0.273 | Wald χ2 = 5.06 p = 0.025 | ||
Maximum tumour diameter | n = 111 | n = 118 | n = 229 | |
<30 mm | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
≥30 mm | 1.28 (0.84–1.95) | 1.36 (0.91–2.03) | 1.33 (1.00–1.77) | |
Wald χ2 = 1.36, p = 0.244 | Wald χ2 = 2.25, p = 0.134 | Wald χ2 = 3.78 p = 0.052 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | n = 112 | n = 121 | n = 233 | |
No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Yes | 0.96 (0.54–1.69) | 0.90 (0.55–1.49) | 0.92 (0.64–1.33) | |
Wald χ2 = 0.02, p = 0.875 | Wald χ2 = 0.20, p = 0.653 | Wald χ2 = 0.18, p = 0.673 | ||
Gender | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Female | 1.19 (0.78–1.81) | 1.20 (0.80–1.81) | 1.19 (0.89–1.60) | |
Wald χ2 = 0.66, p = 0.418 | Wald χ2 = 0.76, p = 0.383 | Wald χ2 = 1.40, p = 0.237 | ||
Age, years | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
≥64 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
<64 | 1.33 (0.87–2.02) | 0.89 (0.60–1.33) | 1.07 (0.81–1.42) | |
Wald χ2 = 1.74, p = 0.188 | Wald χ2 = 0.32, p = 0.570 | Wald χ2 = 0.23, p = 0.634 | ||
Smoking | n = 108 | n = 113 | n = 221 | |
Never smoker | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Ex-smoker | 0.91 (0.57–1.46) | 1.28 (0.82–1.98) | 1.08 (0.79–1.49) | |
Current smoker | 0.92 (0.52–1.62) | 1.48 (0.77–2.85) | 1.13 (0.74–1.73) | |
Wald χ2 = 0.17, p = 0.920 | Wald χ2 = 1.94, p = 0.380 | Wald χ2 = 0.42, p = 0.810 | ||
DPD expression | n = 115 | n = 123 | n = 238 | |
Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
High | 2.07 (1.22–3.53) | 1.47 (0.91–2.37) | 1.73 (1.21–2.49) | |
Wald χ2 = 7.22, p = 0.007 | Wald χ2 = 2.43, p = 0.119 | Wald χ2 = 8.86, p = 0.003 | ||
hENT1 expression | n = 113 | n = 118 | n = 231 | |
Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
High | 1.19 (0.80–1.78) | 0.56 (0.38–0.82) | 0.84 (0.63–1.12) | |
Wald χ2 = 0.74, p = 0.390 | Wald χ2 = 8.98, p = 0.003 | Wald χ2 = 1.44, p = 0.230 |