Table 2 Status and duration of type 2 diabetes and colorectal cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS)

From: Type 2 diabetes and risk of colorectal cancer in two large U.S. prospective cohorts

 

Women (NHS, N = 1790)

Men (HPFS, N = 1210)

 

No. of cases

HR (95% CI)

No. of cases

HR (95% CI)

No diabetes

1631

1 (Reference)

1129

1 (Reference)

Diabetes

    

 Age-adjusted model

159

1.32 (1.12, 1.55)

81

1.57 (1.24, 1.98)

 Multivariable-adjusted modela

159

1.17 (0.98, 1.39)

81

1.42 (1.12, 1.81)

0.1–5 years

    

 Age-adjusted model

51

1.32 (1.00, 1.75)

37

1.51 (1.08, 2.12)

 Multivariable-adjusted modela

51

1.16 (0.87, 1.54)

37

1.39 (0.99, 1.95)

5.1–10 years

    

 Age-adjusted model

42

1.38 (1.01, 1.88)

25

1.59 (1.06, 2.38)

 Multivariable-adjusted modela

42

1.20 (0.88, 1.64)

25

1.42 (0.94, 2.15)

10.1–15 years

    

 Age-adjusted model

24

1.15 (0.77, 1.72)

14

1.71 (1.00, 2.92)

 Multivariable-adjusted modela

24

1.01 (0.67, 1.52)

14

1.53 (0.89, 2.64)

>15 years

    

 Age-adjusted model

42

1.37 (1.00, 1.87)

5

1.59 (0.65, 3.89)

 Multivariable-adjusted modela

42

1.26 (0.91, 1.72)

5

1.37 (0.56, 3.38)

  1. aAdjusted for age; race (Whites or non-Whites); family history of diabetes (yes or no); regular aspirin use (yes or no); BMI (<25, 25–<27.5, 27.5–<30, ≥30 kg/m2); history of colorectal cancer in a parent or sibling (yes or no); history of endoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (yes or no); smoking (0, 0–<10, ≥10 pack-years); alcohol consumption (<5, 5–<15, ≥15 g/day); physical activity (<3, 3–<27, ≥27 METS-hours/week); total calorie intake (tertiles); energy-adjusted intake of total folate; total calcium; total vitamin D intake; processed meats; and beef, pork, or lamb as a main dish (all in tertiles). We also adjusted for postmenopausal hormone use (premenopausal, never, past, or current user) in women. Bold text indicated a statistically significant association
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