Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of PDAC patients enrolled.
Variable | Discovery cohort (N = 113) | Validation cohort (N = 44) |
|---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Female (%) | 44 (38.9%) | 15 (34.1%) |
Male (%) | 69 (61.1%) | 29 (65.9%) |
Age at surgery, y | ||
Median | 61.5 | 64.5 |
Range | 40–89 | 48–81 |
≥70 (%) | 24 (21.2%) | 10 (22.7%) |
Smoking history | ||
No (%) | 100 (88.5%) | 32 (72.7%) |
Yes (%) | 13 (11.5%) | 12 (27.3%) |
Drinking history | ||
No (%) | 103 (91.2%) | 38 (86.4%) |
Yes (%) | 10 (8.8%) | 6 (13.6%) |
Diabetes mellitus | ||
No (%) | 80 (70.8%) | 29 (65.9%) |
Yes (%) | 33 (29.2%) | 15 (34.1%) |
First clinical symptom | ||
Abdominal pain (%) | 58 (51.3%) | 24 (54.5%) |
Jaundice (%) | 50 (44.2%) | 9 (20.5%) |
CEA at diagnosis, ng/mL | ||
Median | 3.3 | 4 |
Range | 0.58–209.25 | 0.68–43.55 |
Normal (%) | 81 (71.7%) | 28 (63.6%) |
Elevated (%) | 32 (28.3%) | 16 (36.4%) |
CA19-9 at diagnosis, U/mL | ||
Median | 131.4 | 126.1 |
Range | <2–>1200 | <2–>1200 |
Normal (%) | 22 (19.5%) | 12 (27.3%) |
Elevated (%) | 91 (80.5%) | 32 (72.7%) |
Pancreatectomy type | ||
Distal pancreatectomy (%) | 36 (31.9%) | 16 (36.4%) |
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (%) | 77 (68.1%) | 28 (63.6%) |
Radiologic tumour size, cm | ||
Median | 2.7 | 3.1 |
Range | 0.2–11.9 | 0.6–7.5 |
≤2 (%) | 27 (23.9%) | 8 (18.2%) |
>2, ≤4 (%) | 67 (69.3%) | 26 (59.1%) |
>4 (%) | 19 (16.8%) | 10 (22.7%) |
Differentiation degree | ||
Poor (%) | 36 (31.9%) | 9 (20.5%) |
Medium/well (%) | 77 (68.1%) | 35 (79.5%) |
Perineural invasion | ||
No (%) | 23 (20.4%) | 2 (4.5%) |
Yes (%) | 90 (79.6%) | 42 (95.5%) |
Pathological margin status | ||
R0 (%) | 88 (77.9%) | 35 (79.5%) |
R1 (%) | 25 (22.1%) | 9 (20.5%) |
Nodal involvement | ||
0 (%) | 64 (56.6%) | 32 (72.7%) |
≥1, ≤3 (%) | 43 (38.1%) | 12 (27.3%) |
≥4 (%) | 6 (5.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Pathological stage (AJCC, 8th edition) | ||
IA (%) | 15 (13.3%) | 6 (13.6%) |
IB (%) | 34 (30.0%) | 17 (38.6%) |
IIA (%) | 14 (12.4%) | 9 (20.5%) |
IIB (%) | 43 (38.1%) | 12 (27.3%) |
III (%) | 7 (6.2%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||
No (%) | 6 (5.3%) | 3 (7.3%) |
Yes (%) | 107 (94.7%) | 41 (93.2%) |
Recurrent disease | ||
No (%) | 9 (8.0%) | 6 (13.6%) |
Yes (%) | 104 (92.0%) | 38 (86.4%) |
Recurrence types | ||
Local (% of total and % of all recurrences) | 37 (32.7% and 35.6%) | 13 (29.6% and 34.2%) |
Distant (% of total and % of all recurrences) | 58 (51.3% and 55.8%) | 21 (47.7% and 55.3%) |
Both (% of total and % of all recurrences) | 9 (8.0% and 8.6%) | 4 (9.1% and 10.5%) |
ctDNA detection in plasma | ||
KRAS (%) | 26 (23%) | 9 (20.5%) |
TP53 (%) | 4 (3.5%) | 2 (4.5%) |
PTCH1 (%) | 4 (3.5%) | 2 (4.5%) |
ROS1 (%) | 4 (3.5%) | 1 (2.3%) |
KIT (%) | 3 (2.7%) | 2 (4.5%) |
MET (%) | 3 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) |
BRAF (%) | 2 (1.8%) | 1 (2.3%) |
CDKN2A (%) | 2 (1.8%) | 1 (2.3%) |
SMAD4 (%) | 2 (1.8%) | 1 (2.3%) |
KRAS mutations in ctDNA | ||
KRAS G12D (%) | 13 (11.5%) | 5 (11.4%) |
KRAS G12V (%) | 7 (6.2%) | 3 (6.8%) |
KRAS G12R (%) | 2 (1.7%) | 1 (2.3%) |
KRAS G12C (%) | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (2.3%) |
KRAS G13D (%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) |
KRAS Q61H (%) | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (2.3%) |
KRAS Q61R (%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) |
