Table 1 Description of instrumental variable (IV) for each measure.

Exposures	No. of SNPs for the IV	Variance explained by the IV (R²)^a	Sample size of exposure GWAS	Population	Reference (PMID)
MVPA	7	0.0007	385,790	European	Klimentidis et al.¹⁵ (29899525)
AMPA	5	0.002	91,105	European	Doherty et al.¹⁶ (30531941)
AMPA^b	3	0.001	91,105	European	Doherty et al.¹⁶ (30531941)
Sedentary time	6	0.001	91,105	European	Doherty et al.¹⁶ (30531941)
BMI	68	0.0232	322,154	European	Locke et al.⁶⁰ (25673413)
Body fat percentage	370	0.053	331,117	European	Bycroft et al.⁶¹ (30305743)
Waist circumference	59	0.010	224,459	European	Shungin et al.⁶² (25673412)
AFR	15	0.002	362,499	European	Rask-Andersen et al.¹¹ (30664634)
TFR	50	0.002	362,499	European	Rask-Andersen et al.¹¹ (30664634)
LFR	46	0.002	362,499	European	Rask-Andersen et al.¹¹ (30664634)

GWAS genome-wide association study, MVPA self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, AMPA acceleration vector magnitude physical activity, SNP single-nucleotide polymorphism, IV instrumental variable, BMI body mass index, AFR arm fat ratio, LFR leg fat ratio, TFR trunk fat ratio.
^aR² was estimated base on the formula: \(2 \times {\mathrm{EAF}}\times (1-{\mathrm{EAF}})\times \beta^{2}\).
^bThreshold at P < 5 × 10⁻⁹.

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