Table 2 Baseline characteristics.

From: HHLA2 is expressed in pancreatic and ampullary cancers and increased expression is associated with better post-surgical prognosis

Baseline characteristics

HHLA2 absent (n = 45)

HHLA2 Low (n = 95)

HHLA2 High (n = 54)

P Value

Age in yearsa

 

65.1 (35.5–82.1)

69.6 (43.8–85.2)

66.9 (37.6–83.0

0.398

Gender (male/female)

 

23 (19.8%)/22 (28.2%)

60 (51.7%)/35 (44.9%)

33 (28.4%)/21 (26.9%)

0.401

Positive margins

 

20 (28.2%)

40 (56.3%)

11 (15.5%)

0.012

Lymph nodes metastasis

 

31 (26.1%)

60 (50.4%)

28 (23.5%)

0.193

CA-19.9 (kU/l)a

 

143.0 (1–3440)

70.0 (1–6556)

38.0 (1–718)

0.000

Differentiation

Good

4 (23.5%)

8 (47.1%)

5 (29.4%)

 
 

Moderate

25 (21.4%)

54 (46.2%)

38 (32.5%)

0.377

 

Poor

16 (26.7%)

33 (55.0%)

11 (18.3%)

 

Origin (pancreas/ampulla)

 

40 (32.8%)/ 5 (6.9%)

66 (54.1%)/29 (40.3%)

16 (13.1%)/38 (52.8%)

0.000

T-stageb (pancreas/ampulla)

T1

5 (25.0%)/ 0 (0%)

9 (45.0%)/4 (36.4%)

6 (30.0%)/7 (63.6%)

 
 

T2

29 (34.1%)/ 1 (5.6%)

50 (58.8%)/6 (33.3%)

6 (7.1%)/11 (61.1%)

0.042/0.855

 

T3

6 (35.3%)/ 4 (10.0%)

7 (41.2%)/17 (42.5%)

4 (23.5%)/19(47.5%)

 
 

T4

0 (0%)/ 0 (0%)

0 (0%)/2 (66.7%)

0 (0%)/1 (33.3%)

 

Peri-operative draining

 

35 (24.8%)

64 (45.4%)

42 (29.8%)

0.288

Surgical procedure

Whipple

34 (24.5%)

70 (50.4%)

35 (25.1%)

 
 

PPPD

7 (17.5%)

16 (40.0%)

17 (42.5%)

0.191

 

Distal pancreatectomy

4 (26.7%)

9 (60.0%)

2 (13.3%)

 

Adjuvant chemotherapy

 

23 (32.4%)

33 (46.5%)

15 (21.1%)

0.052

Systemic chemotherapy

 

27 (29.3%)

46 (50.0%)

19 (20.7%)

0.029

  1. aMedian. For patients that underwent peri-operative draining, we used post-drainage CA19-9 values.
  2. b8th edition of T-stage classification.
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