Fig. 5: Ref-1 or STAT3 blockade downregulated expression of highly expressed genes in MPNST.

A study from GEO database was used to discover genes that were more highly expressed in MPNST compared to benign NF1-derived neurofibroma Schwann cells. The P value indicated that the expression of these genes in MPNST cell lines is significantly higher than in NF1-derived neurofibroma Schwann cells. Boxplots show the comparison of the genes in MPNST (red) vs NF1-derived neurofibroma Schwann cells (dark blue) (a). qPCR evaluation of expression of 13-gene panels in ST88-14 cells following APX2009 treatment (20 μM, 24 h, b) or Napa treatment (1.6 μM, 24 h, c) and in NF90-8 cells (APX2009—25 μM, 24 h, b or Napa—1.8 μM, 24 h, c). qPCR was also used to evaluate genes indicative of Ref-1 inhibition (d) or genes that are biomarkers of Napa treatment (e) in ST88-14 and NF90-8 cells (P value ANCOVA model; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ##P < 0.0001, n = 4–5).