Fig. 1: Representative images of IKKα immunohistochemical staining and controls.

Example images of weak (a) and strong (b) cytoplasmic staining of IKKα. Representative images of true negative pancreatic tissue (c) and true positive kidney tissue (d) staining, respectively. Negative control colorectal tissue (e) with no antibody added during IHC staining process and colorectal tissue used as a positive control identified during optimisation (f). Western blot probed for IKKα and IKKβ using IKKα and IKKβ silenced lysates, MCF-7 cell pellets (IKKα silenced/IKKβ silenced) stained for IKKα as shown previously by Bennett et al. [3] (g). The optimal threshold for cytoplasmic IKKα histoscore was determined using R (h).