Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of studies included in the systematic review.

From: β-blockers and breast cancer survival by molecular subtypes: a population-based cohort study and meta-analysis

First author, ref.

Year

Study design

Source of data

Country

Inclusion years

Stage

Age restriction

#Individuals

Molecular subtype

Outcome(s)

Melhem-Bertrandt et al. [14]

2011

Cohort study

Hospital database (MD Anderson Cancer Centre)

USA

1995–2007

Stages I–IV

No

377

TNBC

RFS

Botteri et al. [54]

2013

Cohort study

Hospital database (European Institute of Oncology)

Italy

1997–2008

Stages I–III

 

800

TNBC

PFS

Post-menopausal

BCSS

Sørensen et al. [15]

2013

Cohort study

Cancer Registry of Denmark (Nationwide and population-based)

Denmark

1996–2003

Stages I–IV

No

14,200

Luminal (ER+)

RFS

Cardwell et al. [16]

2013

Nested case-control

Clinical Practice Research Datalink, National Cancer Data Repository

UK

1998–2007

Stages I–IV

No

5757

Luminal (ER+)

BCSS

Liu et al. [55]

2016

Cohort study

Hospital database (General Hospital of the People´s Liberation Army)

China

2006–2010

Stage IV

No

94

HER2+ (unknown ER/PR status)

PFS

Spera et al. [17]

2017

Posthoc from RCT

ROSE/TRIO-012 trial

Canada

2008–2011

Stage IV

NR

NR

Luminal (ER+)

PFS

 

NR

TNBC

PFS

Spera et al. [17]

2017

Posthoc from RCT

BCRIG-005 trial

Canada

2000–2003

Node positive

NR

35

TNBC

RFS

Santala et al. [20]

2020

Cohort study

Cancer Registry of Finland (Nationwide and population-based)

Finland

1995–2013

Stages I–IV

 

NR

Luminal (HER−)

BCSS

No

NR

HER2+

 

NR

TNBC

Modi et al. [18]

2020

Posthoc from RCT

EMILIA, THERESA, CLEOPATRA, MARIANNE trials

Multi-centre

 

Stage IV

NR

2777

HER2+ (unknown ER/PR status)

PFS

Lorona et al. [19]

2021

Cohort study

SEER cancer registries (metropolitan area of Albuquerque in New Mexico, and greater metropolitan area of Seattle in Washington)

USA

2004–2015

Stages I–IV

 

2383

Luminal

RFS

 

BCSS

 

615

HER2+

BCSS

20–69 years

1559

TNBC

RFS

 

BCSS

  1. RCT randomised controlled trial, UK United Kingdom, BC breast cancer, TNBC triple-negative breast cancer, HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, ER oestrogen receptor, PR progesterone receptor, RFS recurrence-free survival, PFS progression-free survival, BCSS breast cancer-specific survival, NR not reported.