Table 1 Comparison of COVID-19 symptoms and surrogates of COVID-19 severity between the first and the second infections.
First infection | Second infection | ||
|---|---|---|---|
N = 34 (%) | N = 34 (%) | ||
Presenting COVID-19 symptoms | |||
No | 3 (8.8) | 16 (47.1) | 0.0008 |
Yes | 31 (91.2) | 18 (52.9) | |
Fever | 19 (61.3) | 7 (38.9) | |
Fatigue | 9 (29) | 5 (27.8) | |
Cough | 13 (41.9) | 6 (33.3) | |
Dyspnoea | 13 (41.9) | 3 (16.7) | |
Coryzal symptoms | 1 (3.2) | 1 (5.6) | |
Dysgeusia | 2 (6.4) | – | |
Anosmia | 2 (6.4) | – | |
Myalgia | 1 (3.2) | – | |
Headache | 2 (6.4) | – | |
Diarrhoea | 3 (9.7) | – | |
Nausea/vomiting | 2 (6.4) | 2 (11.1) | |
Others | 6 (19.3) | 6 (33.3) | |
≥2 symptoms | 23 (67.6) | 10 (29.4) | 0.0003 |
Need of COVID-19 oriented therapy | |||
No | 17 (50) | 30 (88.2) | 0.0013 |
Yes | 17 (50) | 4 (11.8) | |
Chloroquine/hydroxicholoroquine | 7 (41.2) | – | |
Corticosteroids | 8 (47.2) | 3 (75) | |
Antivirals | 4 (23.6) | 2 (50) | |
Interleukin-6 inhibitors | 1 (3.2) | 2 (50) | |
Others | 2 (6.4) | 2 (50) | |
Complicated COVID-19 | |||
No | 26 (76.5) | 28 (82.4) | 0.5516 |
Yes | 8 (23.5) | 6 (17.6) | |
Acute cardiac injury | 1 (12.5) | 1 (16.6) | |
Acute kidney injury | 1 (12.5) | 2 (33.3) | |
ARDS/acute respiratory failure | 6 (75) | 2 (33.3) | |
Secondary infection | 2 (25) | 2 (33.3) | |
Others | 1 (12.5) | 2 (33.3) | |
Hospitalisation | |||
Not required | 10 (29.4) | 15 (44.1) | 0.2636 |
Required due to COVID-19 | 10 (29.4) | 5 (14.7) | |
Pre-existing | 14 (41.2) | 14 (41.2) | |
Oxygen therapy requirement | |||
No | 21 (64.7) | 27 (79.4) | 0.1552 |
Yes | 12 (35.3) | 7 (20.6) | |
Intensive care unit admission | |||
No | 32 (94.1) | 32 (94.1) | 1.0000 |
Yes | 2 (5.9) | 2 (5.9) | |
Mechanical ventilation requirement | |||
No | 32 (94.1) | 33 (97.1) | 1.0000 |
Yes | 2 (5.9) | 1 (2.9) | |
