Table 3 Association of MR-derived tumour characteristics with overall survival and locoregional failure and LRF in 228 patients with analysable pre-treatment MR scans, Christie series 2006 to 2015

From: Pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging in anal cancer: large-scale evaluation of mrT, mrN and novel staging parameters

Variable

Overall survival

Loco-regional failure

5 yr OS (95% CI)

HRa (95% CI)

p value

HRb (95% CI)

p value

3 yr LRF (95% CI)

HRa (95% CI)

p value

HRb (95% CI)

p value

Position

 Canal (208)

72.3 (65.5–77.9)

Referent

 

Referent

 

18.2 (13.-5–24.2)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Margin (20)

94.7 (68.1–99.2)

0.16 (0.02–1.16)

0.070

0.23 (0.03–1.69)

0.15

0

0.24 (0.03–1.71)

0.153

0.37 (0.05–2.70)

0.326

T Stage

 T1 (7)

100

0d

1.00

0d

1.00

0d

0d

1.00

0d

.

 T2 (124)

83.7 (75.9–89.2)

Referent

 

Referent

 

6.5 (3.3–12.6)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 T3 (52)

62.5 (47.6–74.2)

2.57 (1.37–4.82)

0.0030

2.28 (1.20–4.31)

0.011

29.0 (18.6–43.5)

4.42 (2.00–9.74)

<0.001

3.72 (1.67–8.30)

<0.001

 T4 (45)

57.7 (42.0–70.6)

3.10 (1.66–5.82)

<0.001

2.60 (1.36–4.97)

0.0040

32.9 (18.6–43.5)

4.49 (1.99–10.11)

<0.001

3.38 (1.46–7.81)

0.004

Size (per cm) (228)

 

1.23 (1.11–1.38)

<0.001

1.21 (1.07–1.36)

0.0010

 

1.45 (1.29–1.64)

<0.001

1.43 (1.26–1.63)

<0.001

T size with cutoff at 4 cm

 <4 (102)

86.1 (77.6–91.5)

Referent

 

Referent

 

4.9 (2.1–11.4)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 ≥4 (126)

64.6 (55.5–72.3)

2.97 (1.63–5.42)

<0.001

2.52 (1.36–4.67)

0.003

26.3 (19.4–35.1)

6.56 (2.57–16.75)

<0.001

5.17 (1.99–13.44)

<0.001

Any Nodes

 Negative (136)

82.1 (74.5–87.6)

Referent

 

Referent

 

9.0 (5.2–13.4)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Positive (92)

62.5 (51.6–71.5)

2.36 (1.40–3.98)

<0.001

2.08 (1.23–3.52)

0.006

27.6 (19.5–38.0)

3.41 (1.76–6.61)

<0.001

2.70 (1.39–5.24)

0.003

Total Nodes

 

1.19 (1.10–1.28)

<0.001

1.16 (1.07–1.26)

<0.001

 

1.18 (1.07–1.30)

<0.001

1.13 (1.02–1.26)

0.016

N stage V7

 N0 (136, 60%)

82.1 (74.5–87.6)

Referent

 

Referent

 

9.0 (5.2–15.4)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 N1 (44, 19%)

69.6 (53.4–81.1)

1.85 (0.94–3.64)

0.074

1.72 (0.87–3.37)

0.117

27.4 (16.6–43.2)

3.38 (1.56–7.29)

0.002

2.91 (1.35–6.29)

0.007

 N2 (20, 9%)

70.0 (45.1–85.3)

1.81 (0.74–4.44)

0.192

1.44 (0.58–3.58)

0.43

25.3 (11.4–50.6)

2.78 (0.99–7.80)

0.052

1.78 (0.62–5.12)

0.285

 N3 (28, 12%)

46.4 (27.6–63.3)

3.67 (1.92–7.00)

<0.001

3.24 (1.70–6.20)

<0.001

29.4 (15.9–50.3)

3.97 (1.70–9.30)

<0.001

3.22 (1.38–7.54)

0.007

N stage V8

 N0 (136, 60%)

82.1 (74.5–87.6)

Referent

 

Referent

 

9.0 (5.2–15.4)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 N1a (87, 38%)

69.6 (53.4–81.1)

1.85 (0.94–3.64)

0.074

1.72 (0.87–3.37)

0.117

29.2 (20.7–40.1)

3.64 (1.88–7.07)

<0.001

2.96 (1.52–5.75)

<0.001

 N1b (1. 0.4%)

70.0 (45.1–85.3)

1.81 (0.74–4.44)

0.192

1.44 (0.58–3.58)

0.434

-

-

-

-

-

 N1c (4, 2%)

46.4 (27.6–63.3)

3.67 (1.92–7.00)

<0.001

3.24 (1.70–6.20)

<0.001

-

-

-

-

-

Dentate–Position

 Above (36)

86.0 (69.6–93.9)

Referent

 

Referent

 

11.1 (4.3–27.0)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Straddling (140)

67.5 (59.0–74.6)

2.50 (1.00–6.31)

0.052

2.09 (0.81–5.38)

0.128

19.9 (14.1–27.7)

1.51 (58.1–3.90)

0.400

0.89 (0.33–2.39)

0.823

 Below (52)

84.4 (71.2–91.9)

1.11 (0.36–3.39)

0.856

1.36 (0.44–4.23)

0.54

11.6 (5.4–24.0)

0.97 (0.31–0.05)

0.956

1.11 (0.34–3.59)

0.868

Rectal Extension

 No (88)

82.6 (72.7–89.1)

Referent

 

Referent

 

10.4 (5.5–19.0)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Yes (140)

69.0 (60.5–76.0)

1.99 (1.10–3.58)

0.022

1.51 (0.83–2.75)

0.173

20.5 (14.6–28.3)

1.76 (0.88–3.52)

0.111

1.20 (0.60–2.43)

0.607

Extra-mural Vascular Invasion

 No (215)

72.4 (71.1–82.4)

Referent

 

Referent

 

14.6 (10.5–20.2)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Yes (13)

20.5 (3.9–46.3)

5.24 (2.64–10.41)

<0.001

3.66 (1.80–7.41)

<0.001

51.4 (27.0–80.8)

4.11 (1.72–9.82)

<0.001

2.31 (0.95–5.61)

0.064

Tumour Signal Heterogeneity

 No (111)

80.7 (72.0–87.0)

Referent

 

Referent

 

7.4 (3.8–14.2)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Yes (117)

68.0 (58.6–75.7)

1.89 (1.11–3.23)

0.020

1.69 (1.00–2.90)

0.057

25.3 (18.3–34.3)

3.22 (1.57–6.58)

<0.001

2.66 (1.29–5.48)

0.008

Sphincter Infiltrationc

 Internal (62)

78.7 (66.2–87.0)

Referent

 

Referent

 

8.2 (3.5–18.6)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 External (113)

72.9 (63.5–80.2)

1.27 (0.66–2.43)

0.47

0.82 (0.41–1.63)

0.57

13.5 (8.4–21.4)

1.51 (0.59–3.85)

0.391

0.85 (0.33–2.23)

0.747

 Ischio-anal fossa(51)

70.5 (55.9–81.0)

1.46 (0.69–3.06)

0.32

0.72 (0.31–1.65)

0.434

34.0 (22.7–48.9)

4.04 (1.60–10.18)

0.003

1.46 0.54–3.97)

0.456

Perianal abscess

 No (209)

73.3 (66.7–78.9)

Referent

 

Referent

 

17.5 (13.0–23.5)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Yes (19)

83.9 (57.9–94.5)

0.59 (0.18–1.88)

0.370

0.58 (0.18–1.84)

0.353

5.6 (0.8–33.4)

0.27 (0.04–2.00)

0.201

0.25 (0.03–1.84)

0.175

Primary Organ Extension

 No (220)

78.3 (71.5–83.7)

Referent

 

Referent

 

12.7 (8.6–18.5)

Referent

 

Referent

 

 Yes (45)

57.7 (42.0–70.6)

2.27 (1.31–3.94)

0.003

1.57 (0.88–2.78)

0.124

32.9 (20.9–49.1)

2.45 (1.28–4.70)

0.007

1.37 (0.71–2.65)

0.346

  1. Values in parentheses in the ‘Variable’ column represent the number of patients; T2 has been selected as the referent for T-stage analyses as it represents the most frequent stage at presentation
  2. OS overall survival, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval;
  3. aUnivariable Cox Regression;
  4. bMultivariable Cox regression adjusted for T-size and nodal status (T-stage and T-size only adjusted for nodal status);
  5. cParameter not assessable in two patients, therefore analysis in 226 patients;
  6. dNo events occurred.
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