Fig. 6: Combination anti-NETs therapy and GEM has synergistic effects on PDAC.

a In vivo experiment protocol for mouse subcutaneous tumour model (7 mice/group). Mice were injected intraperitoneally twice a week for 5 weeks with a 100-µL volume of PBS or GEM (50 mg/kg) or navarixin (3 mg/kg) or GEM and navarixin. b Graph showing changes in body weight during treatment experiment. c Tumour growth curves for non-treated control (black line) and GEM-treated (green line), Navarixin-treated (blue line) and Combination-treated (purple line) mice. d Photographs of tumours in the four groups. The combination therapy resulted in complete remission (CR) in 2 of 7 mice. e Graph showing the weight of the tumours in the four groups. f Immunofluorescence staining of Nuc blue (blue), MPO (green) and CitH3 (red) in the tumour of the four groups (scale bar: 100 μm). g Statistical evaluation of NETs based on CitH3-positive area. h TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labelling (TUNEL) assay in the tumour of the four groups (scale bar: 100 μm). i Statistical evaluation of TUNEL-positive cells per high-power field (HPF). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; ns no significance. Data were presented as means ± SD.