Fig. 2: Combination therapy promoted apoptosis and necrosis in the TME.

A The tumour tissue was subjected to H&E staining to confirm necrosis. B The tumour tissue was also subjected to immunohistochemistry to detect caspase-3 expression, and representative images are shown (scale bars = 50 μm). C The percentage of caspase-3+ cells. The data are presented as mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01 versus control; ##p < 0.01 versus aPC. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc tests was used.