Table 3 Effect modifiers of CD19 CAR T cells safety and efficacy.

From: Long-term response to autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Subgroup

Overall response (ITT) % (95% CI)

Overall response (mITT) % (95% CI)

Minimal residual disease negative % (95% CI)

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) % (95% CI)

Grade 3 or higher CRS % (95% CI)

Neurotoxicity % (95% CI)

Domain

41BB

N = 24

78 [72; 83]

N = 27

86 [82; 89]

N = 26

99 [96; 100]

N = 23

86 [76; 92]

N = 25

23 [17; 30]

N = 22

29 [22; 37]

CD28

N = 5

58 [51; 63]

N = 5

74 [64; 82]

N = 5

90 [68; 97]

N = 5

83 [75; 89]

N = 5

23 [18; 30]

N = 5

46 [32; 62]

p-value

 

< 0.001*

 

0.0059*

 

0.0179

 

0.5834

 

0.9713

 

0.0380*

Age group

Pediatric/young adult

N = 10

68 [56; 77]

N = 11

82 [72; 89]

N = 11

99 [93; 100]

N = 9

79 [66; 88]

N = 10

22 [14; 33]

N = 8

42 [33; 53]

Mixed

N = 25

79 [73; 84]

N = 27

86 [83; 89]

N = 25

96 [91; 98]

N = 24

85 [76; 91]

N = 26

20 [15; 27]

N = 22

26 [18; 35]

p-value

 

0.048*

 

0.3608

 

0.2537

 

0.4555

 

0.7932

 

0.0125*

Disease morphology

Remission

N = 9

84 [80; 87]

N = 10

90 [83; 94]

N = 23

97 [91; 99]

N = 9

82 [61; 93]

N = 10

16 [13; 20]

N = 10

24 [16; 36]

Disease

N = 24

72 [65; 77]

N = 25

83 [78; 86]

N = 10

99 [92; 100]

N = 23

84 [76; 90]

N = 25

23 [17; 30]

N = 18

37 [28; 46]

p-value

 

< 0.001*

 

0.0588

 

0.2831

 

0.8248

 

0.0720

 

0.0948

LD dose

High

N = 11

66 [56; 75]

N = 11

79 [71; 86]

N = 11

96 [89; 99]

N = 9

80 [69; 88]

N = 11

25 [14; 39]

N = 9

32 [24; 41]

Low

N = 17

81 [74; 86]

N = 19

87 [83; 91]

N = 18

98 [94; 100]

N = 17

86 [73; 93]

N = 18

19 [15; 24]

N = 17

32 [21; 45]

p-value

 

0.0093*

 

0.0413*

 

0.3778

 

0.4142

 

0.3843

 

0.9831

Report type

Clinical trial

N = 32

76 [70; 81]

N = 35

86 [82; 89]

N = 33

97 [93; 99]

N = 30

85 [78; 90]

N = 33

21 [16; 27]

N = 27

32 [24; 40]

RWD

N = 3

80 [77; 84]

N = 3

83 [80; 87]

N = 3

100 [98; 100]

N = 3

59 [53; 64]

N = 3

18 [15; 22]

N = 3

21 [15; 31]

p-value

 

0.1242

 

0.5456

 

0.0377*

 

0.0001*

 

0.4075

 

0.1061

  1. LD lymphodepletion, RWD real world data.
  2. * Statistically significant.